AC-Ch. 10 Diagnosis & Plant Disorders

Question 1

Disorder or disease that occurs suddenly or over a short period of time

Answer 1

Acute

Question 2

With oxygen. Process that occurs in the presence of oxygen

Answer 2

Aerobic

Question 3

Chemical effect or inhibition of growth or development of plants that is induced by allelochemicals.

Answer 3

Allelopathy

Question 4

Without oxygen. Process that occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Answer 4

Anaerobic

Question 5

Disorder caused by an infectious living agent.

Answer 5

Biotic disorder

Question 6

Any disease or disorder regardless of the causal agent that kills young plant tissues

Answer 6

Blight

Question 7

Localized diseased area on stems, roots, and branches. Often shrunken and discolored

Answer 7

Canker

Question 8

Whitish or yellowish leaf discoloration caused by lack of chlorophyll. Often caused by nutrient deficiency.

Answer 8

Chlorosis

Question 9

Disorder or disease occurring over a long period of time

Answer 9

Chronic

Question 10

Combination of factors contributing to the stress or decline of a tree

Answer 10

Complex

Question 11

An area of wood that is undergoing decomposition

Answer 11

Decay

Question 12

Decomposition of organic tissues by fungi or bacteria

Answer 12

Decay

Question 13

Loss of leaves from a tree or other plant by biological or mechanical means.

Answer 13

Defoliation

Question 14

Condition in which the branches in the tree crown die from the tips toward the center

Answer 14

Dieback

Question 15

Fecal material and/or wood shavings produced by insects

Answer 15

Frass

Question 16

Vertical split in the wood of a tree generally near the base of the bole caused by internal stresses and low temperatures. Radial shake

Answer 16

Frost crack

Question 17

Abnormal swelling of plant tissues caused by gall wasps, mites, nematodes, and various insects and less commonly by fungi or bacteria.

Answer 17

Gall

Question 18

Exudation of sap or gum from the bark often in response to disease or insect damage

Answer 18

Gummosis

Question 19

Sugary substance secreted by certain insects including aphids and some scale insects when feeding on plants.

Answer 19

Honeydew

Question 20

Capable of being spread to plants from other plants or organisms

Answer 20

Infectious

Question 21

Irregularly shaped areas of disease on plant foliage

Answer 21

Leaf blotch

Question 22

Patches of disease or other damage on plant foliage.

Answer 22

Leaf spot

Question 23

Localized death of tissue in a living organism.

Answer 23

Necrosis

Question 24

Microscopic roundworm. Many are beneficial organisms but some feed on plant tissues and may cause disease or damage

Answer 24

Nematode

Question 25

Disorders that are not caused by a pathogen and cannot be passed from one host to another

Answer 25

Noninfectious

Question 26

Causal agent of disease. Usually refers to microorganisms.

Answer 26

Pathogen

Question 27

In plants a disorder not directly caused by an insect, pathogen or injury

Answer 27

Physiological disorder

Question 28

Plant malady caused by nonliving, environmental, or man-made agents

Answer 28

Abiotic disorder

Question 29

Any of various fungi of the genus Erysiphe that produce powdery conidia that appear as a white fuzzy coating on the upper leaf surfaces often causing distortion of the leaf.

Answer 29

Powdery mildew

Question 30

Disease caused by a certain group of fungi and characterized by reddish brown spots on the foliage and/or the formation of stem galls.

Answer 30

Rust

Question 31

Browning and shriveling of foliage, especially at the leave margin.

Answer 31

Scorch

Question 32

Physical evidence of a casual agent

Answer 32

Sign

Question 33

Leaf-feeding damage caused by insects, characterized by the loss of tissue between the leaf veins.

Answer 33

Skeletonized

Question 34

Fungus that appears as a black coating on the surface of leaves, fruits, branches, and other surfaces. Often found growing on sugary honey dew excreted by aphids.

Answer 34

Sooty mold

Question 35

Growth reduction of organisms, specifically plants or plant parts.

Answer 35

Stunting

Question 36

Plant reaction to a disease or disorder.

Answer 36

Symptom

Question 37

Substance that moves throughout an organism after it is absorbed

Answer 37

Systemic

Question 38

Any condition, disease, disorder, or pest that affects the entire organism.

Answer 38

Systemic

Question 39

Factor that negatively affects the health of a plant; a factor that stimulates a response

Answer 39

Tree stress

Question 40

Transition zone from trunk to roots where the trunk expands into the buttress or structural roots.

Answer 40

Trunk flare

Question 41

Darkening of the vascular tissues of woody plants in response to disease

Answer 41

Vascular discoloration

Question 42

In pathology, biotic or abiotic agent that transmits a pathogen.

Answer 42

Vector

Question 43

In mechanics or rigging, quantity that has both magnitude and direction.

Answer 43

Vector

Question 44

Loss of turgor and subsequent drooping of leaves and young stems; a symptom.

Answer 44

Wilt

Question 45

Infectious disease caused by a particular agent on a particular host or range of hosts.

Answer 45

Wilt

Question 46

To lose turgor.

Answer 46

Wilt

Question 47

Plant disorder characterized by a shortening of the internodes And a proliferation of terminal shoots forming a dense, brush like mass of twigs.

Answer 47

Witch's broom