AC: USA (migration) Flashcards
(11 cards)
patterns of immigration to the US
2018:
-Mexico 11.2 million living there (25%) –> physically close and porous borders
-China 2.9 million (6%) high population with lots looking for jobs, historical movement, family reunification
-India 2.6 million (6%) –> jobs, historical movement, reunification
patterns of emigration from the US
-Mexico 750k –> proximity, reunification, retirement
-Canada 300k –> proximity, similar culture, high quality of life, politics
-UK 190k –> jobs- offices in different countries, quality of life
Obama migration policies
-DACA- deferred action for childhood arrivals. Allowed nearly 700000 immigrants who came as children illegally to stay and work legally & amnesty from deportation for two years but not citizenship
-DREAMERS- would give permanent citizenship was talked about but not put into place before his presidency ended
Trump (1st presidency) migration policies
-Title 42 in 2020 allowed US authorities to expel migrants and asylum seekers at the border
-nearly 400000 were expelled before Trump left the office
Biden migration policies
-he kept Title 42 during Covid- over 2 million were expelled
-expired in 2023 and new policies which encouraged legal migration by certain routes & were strict on illegal migration- allowed the swift removal of migrants who entered before their asylum was accepted
Trump (second presidency) migration policies
21 new actions to change immigration policies
allowing mass deportations and arrests of immigrants
trying to end birth right citizenship
economic interdependence
-one of the largest sources of remittances globally
-recipient countries:
india-$125 bill
mexico-$67 bill
china-$50 bill
- mexico is one of the largest trading partners- bilateral trade was around 15% of all trade in the US
political interdependence
mexico:
they cooperate a lot along the border on infrastructure, transportation, planning and security
they collaborate with institutions that address migration, natural resource and environmental and health issues
social interdependence
mexico:
lots of cultural and family ties
migration contributes to the health and education of the host country (usa)
opportunities created by immigration
-immigrants start new businesses at a higher rate than US born individuals –> increases the demand for labour by creating job vacancies –> contributing to the economy
-increased homeownership rates and increased tax revenues in areas which decreased overall cost of public benefits
-large contributions to artistic, cultural, culinary, athletic and scientific endeavour
challenges created by immigration
-large porous borders between the US and Mexico- crossing its illegal and dangerous and migrants face many dangers like smugglers, criminals, cartels, and risks of kidnapping and extortion
-large source of political discussion
