AC WEIGHT AND BALANCE

Question 1

One of the determining factors in the ability of an aircraft to fly

Answer 1

WEIGHT

Question 2

Resulted in failure and often catastrophic events leading to death

Answer 2

BALANCE

Question 3

Early aircraft quickly adapted to the use of such materials

Answer 3

1. WOOD
2. DOPE
3. FABRIC

Question 4

Responsibility for proper weight and balance control begins

Answer 4

1. MANUFACTURER
2. AIRCRAFT OPERATOR
3. FAA-CERTIFICATED MECHANIC
4. PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC)

Question 5

Who maintains the aircraft keeps the weight and balance records current, recording any changes that have been made because of repairs or alterations

Answer 5

FAA-CERTIFICATED MECHANIC

Question 6

Know the maximum allowable weight of the aircraft and its CG limit

Answer 6

PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC)

Question 7

Types of Aircraft have Different Load Requirements

Answer 7

1.TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
2.MILITARY AIRCRAFT
3.TRAINERS AND PRIVATE AIRCRAFT
4.CORPORATE AIRCRAFT
5.AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT

Question 8

Must carry huge loads of passengers and cargo for long distances at high altitudes and speeds.

Answer 8

TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT

Question 9

Must be highly maneuverable and extremely sturdy

Answer 9

MILITARY AIRCRAFT

Question 10

Must be lightweight, low cost, simple, and safe to operate

Answer 10

TRAINERS AND PRIVATE AIRCRAFT

Question 11

Must carry a reasonable load at a high speed for long distances

Answer 11

CORPORATE AIRCRAFT

Question 12

Usually aerial application of pesticides (crop dusting) or fertilizer (aerial topdressing); in these roles they are referred to as “crop dusters” or “top dressers”

Answer 12

AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT

Question 13

TWO COMMON CHARACTERISTICS

Answer 13

1. SENSITIVE TO WEIGHT
2. CENTER OF GRAVITY MAINTAINED WITHIN A SPECIFIED RANGE

Question 14

PURPOSE OF WEIGHT AND BALANCE CONTROL

Answer 14

1. SAFETY
2. EFFICIENCY

Question 15

The load imposed on an aircraft structure due to the weight of the aircraft and its contents

Answer 15

STATIC LOADS

Question 16

The actual weight of the aircraft multiplied by the load factor, or the increase in weight caused by acceleration

Answer 16

DYNAMIC LOADS

Question 17

MOST CRUCIAL STEP in a weight and balance calculation because all of the loading of the aircraft that is done is base on these figures

Answer 17

WEIGHING THE AIRCRAFT

Question 18

The tendency for aircraft to become heavier as they become older.

Answer 18

WEIGHING THE AIRCRAFT

Question 19

EFFECTS OF OVERLOADED AIRCRAFT

Answer 19

1.MORE RUNWAY WILL BE NEEDED
2.A LOWER CLIMB ANGLE AND HIGHER SPEED WILL BE NEEDED
3.STRUCTURAL SAFETY FACTORS ARE REDUCED
4.STALLING SPEEDS ARE INCREASED
5.MORE ENGINE POWER IS REQUIRED

Question 20

EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT WITH TOO MUCH WEIGHT FORWARD (NOSE HEAVY)

Answer 20

1.Tendency to dive forward
2.Stability decreased
3.Adverse spin characteristic
4.More engine power required

Question 21

EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT WITH TOO MUCH WEIGHT AFT (TAIL HEAVY)

Answer 21

1.Flying speed is decreased
2.Stall characteristic
3.Stability decreased
4.Adverse spin characteristic
5.More engine power required

Question 22

2 types of scales

Answer 22

MECHANICAL PLATFORM TYPE

ELECTRONIC TYPE

Question 23

The ratio of the maximum load of an aircraft can sustain to the total weight of the aircraft.

Answer 23

LOAD FACTOR

Question 24

It usually a form or modified version of the
platform scale) are low profile, easy to handle, safe, and reliable. Tow or push the aircraft wheels or skids onto the scale pad at ground level.

Answer 24

PLATFORM SCALES

RAMP WHEEL SCALES

Question 25

Normal category

Answer 25

at least 3.8

Question 26

Utility category

Answer 26

4.4

Question 27

Acrobatic category

Answer 27

6.0

Question 28

The _____________ would adversely effect scale readings, thus giving lighter readings that actual aircraft weight.

Answer 28

wind over the wings

Question 29

They are also a reliable means to weigh aircraft and are typically cheaper than the platform type.

Answer 29

Electronic type or load cell scales

Question 30

Using _____________ allows for the aircraft to be set up and weighed in its level flight attitude

Answer 30

Electronic type or load cell scales

Question 31

2 Equipment

Answer 31

Scales Jacks

Question 32

8 Procedure for Weight and Balance

Answer 32

1. Scale Preparation 2. Weigh Clean Aircraft Inside Hangar 3. Equipment List 4. Ballast 5. Standard Weights 6. Draining the Fuel 7. Configuration of the Aircraft 8. Jacking the Aircraft

Question 33

Scales should not be used in temperature extremes _____________ or ______________.

Answer 33

below 40 °F or above 100 °F

Question 34

Electronic scales are ____________.

Answer 34

very sensitive

Question 35

The aircraft should be weighed ________________ a hangar where wind cannot blow over the surface and cause fluctuating or false scale readings.

Answer 35

inside

Question 36

2 types of ballast

Answer 36

permanent ballasts (properly secured) temporary ballasts (removed)

Question 37

They are established weights for numerous items involved in weight and balance computations.

Answer 37

Standard weights

Question 38

It must be installed under the jack pads if the manufacturer specifies them.

Answer 38

Stress plates

Question 39

The ____________________, or the point at which all of the weight of the aircraft is considered to be concentrated, must be maintained within the allowable range for the operational weight of the aircraft.

Answer 39

center of gravity (CG)

Question 40

The force exerted by gravity (Newton or pounds

Answer 40

Weight

Question 41

For items added

Answer 41

Positive (+)

Question 42

For items removed

Answer 42

Negative (-)

Question 43

It is the total weight of the aircraft, equipment, passenger, baggage and fuel.

Answer 43

Maximum weight

Question 44

3 weights are necessary to maintain lift and structural integrity of an aircraft.

Answer 44

1. Taxi or ramp weight 2. Takeoff weight 3. Landing weight

Question 45

Additional weight such as fuel

Answer 45

Taxi or ramp weight

Question 46

Greatest amount of weight that the aircraft is safely capable of lifting from the ground.

Answer 46

Takeoff weight

Question 47

Greatest amount of weight with which the aircraft can land safely.

Answer 47

Landing weight

Question 48

It is the weight of the airframe engine and all the equipment that has a fixed location or installed in the aircraft.

Answer 48

Empty weight

Question 49

It is used on transport types of aircraft where certain items are always carried on the aircraft.

Answer 49

Operating weight

Question 50

The _____________ is the empty weight of the aircraft subtracted from the maximum weight of the aircraft.

Answer 50

useful load

Question 51

BOW plus the payload. The weight of the airplane exclusive of usable fuel.

Answer 51

Zero fuel weight

Question 52

BOW plus useable fuel. The weight of the airplane exclusive of payload.

Answer 52

Operating Weight

Question 53

It is the imaginary line on vertical plane which is horizontal measurement on the aircraft are taken for weight and balance purposes.

Answer 53

Datum

Question 54

It is the horizontal distance that an item is located from the datum.

Answer 54

Arm

Question 55

It is the product of the weight multiplied by the arm.

Answer 55

Moment

Question 56

It is the point at which the nose heavy moments and the tail heavy moments have equal magnitude.

Answer 56

Center of Gravity

Question 57

This is the point at which the aircraft could be suspended without having any tendency to become nose or tail heavy.

Answer 57

Center of Gravity

Question 58

The average distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing.

Answer 58

Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC)

Question 59

Its position is expressed in length units aft of the datum.

Answer 59

LEMAC Leading edge of mean aerodynamic chord.

Question 60

Also expressed in length units aft of the datum.

Answer 60

TEMAC Trailing edge of the mean aerodynamic chord

Question 61

It is a category of simple, very basic, small, light-weight, low-performance aircraft.

Answer 61

Light Sport Aircraft