AC1.2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
What can differ based on traditions affecting laws around the world?
Norms, values, and mores
These differences can lead to varying legal frameworks in different cultures.
In how many countries is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) still practiced?
About 30 countries
These countries are primarily located in Africa and Asia.
What are some reasons FGM is believed to benefit girls?
- It preserves virginity
- It prepares them for marriage
- It is thought to reduce painful implications
These beliefs are often rooted in cultural norms rather than religious texts.
How does culture influence the perception of FGM?
FGM can be viewed as a social norm, leading families to feel pressured to conform
This pressure often stems from a desire for social acceptance within the community.
What is one way place can affect law enforcement?
Different places can be policed differently due to the crimes committed there
This can lead to variations in how laws are enforced based on local crime rates.
Where is the possession of cannabis legal?
- Canada
- Portugal
- Some places for medical use
The legality of cannabis varies significantly between regions.
What are the potential consequences of cannabis possession in the UK?
Up to 5 years imprisonment for possession and up to 14 years for supply
These laws indicate a stricter approach compared to some other European countries.
Why does the law regarding cannabis vary between cultures?
Laws reflect differing norms and values regarding individual freedom and societal views on drug use
Some societies emphasize personal liberty, while others prioritize public health and safety.
What is a key factor influencing the laws surrounding social issues like FGM?
Cultural beliefs and societal norms
These factors can lead to significant variations in legal treatment of such issues across different regions.
Fill in the blank: FGM is a _______ in some countries, leading to social pressure to conform.
social norm
This social norm can perpetuate the practice despite potential legal prohibitions.
How do laws change over time?
Laws can change based on our evolving social norms.
What significant change occurred in 1885 regarding homosexuality?
All homosexual acts between men were made a crime.
What was the impact of the Wolfenden Report after WWII?
It recommended legalizing homosexual acts between men aged 21 or over.
What happened in 1967 regarding homosexual acts?
The Sexual Offences Act legalized homosexual acts between men aged 21 and over in England.
What change occurred in 2000 regarding the age of consent?
The age of consent for homosexual acts was lowered to 16, aligning it with heterosexuals.
What was the role of the campaign for homosexual law reform?
It successfully campaigned for changes in the law, leading to new regulations in 1967.
What did the 2010 Equality Act address?
It addressed issues of equality for homosexuals.
What was the significance of the campaigns led by Stonewall?
They contributed to the equalization of the age of consent to 16.
How are laws applied differently according to circumstances?
Laws may be applied differently based on the circumstances in which a criminal act occurs.
What is the theory regarding law application?
In theory, the law is applied equally to everyone suspected of the same crime.
What is differential enforcement of law?
The law is not always enforced equally, leading to harsher treatment for certain offenders due to moral panics.
What is an example of differential enforcement during the London riots?
Those convicted of minor offences during the London riots of 2011 were more likely to receive custodial sentences than similar cases under normal conditions.
What is the age of criminal responsibility?
It is the age below which a child is deemed not to have the capacity to commit a crime.
What is the age of criminal responsibility in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland?
The age is 10 years.
