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Unit 4 Criminology WJEC > AC2.2 > Flashcards

AC2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Penal System Aims

A
  • Deterrence
  • Rehabilitation
  • Reparation
  • Retribution
  • Public protection
  • Denunciation
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2
Q

Punishment categories

A
  • Custodial
  • Community sentences
  • Fines
  • Discharges
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3
Q

Aim of punishment: Retribution

A
  • Revenge
  • Eye for an eye
  • Measured in terms of fairness and proportionality
  • More serious the offence -> more serious the punishment
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4
Q

Aim of punishment: Retribution (outdated example)

A

The Scold
* Metal brave over the head of women in 16th century
* Used to stop women spreading gossip or lies affecting respectful people

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5
Q

Retribution: Synoptic link

A
  • Right realists: A fitting method of punishment
  • Ensures defendant is being punished and prevents future reoffending
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6
Q

Aim of punishment: Rehabilitation

A
  • Idea of reforming the offender
  • Forwards looking aim
  • Links to the right realist theory
  • Examples in community sentencing and probation services
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7
Q

Rehabilitation: synoptic link

A

Individualistic theories would support rehabilitation
* for example behaviour modification

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8
Q

Aims of punishment: Deterrence

A
  • Individual: Ensures an offender wont offend again
    2017: 48% of offenders reoffended within one year of release
  • General: prevents potential offenders from committing crimes
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9
Q

Aims of punishment: Public protections (incapacitation)

A
  • serves a useful purpose for society as it protects everyone from dangerous criminals
  • offender is prevented from exercising their freedom
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10
Q

Aims of punishment: Reparations

A
  • Involves compensating the victim (may include fines)
  • Includes reparations to society (community sentencing)
  • Schemes to bring victims and offenders together for direct reparations
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11
Q

Reparation: synoptic link

A
  • left realist: provides practical measures to reduce crime in the long term.
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12
Q

Aims of punishment: Denunciation

A
  • reinforces the moral and ethical codes/boundary maintenance
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13
Q

Denunciation: synoptic link

A
  • Functionalist: achieving solidarity in society
  • Labelling offenders as criminals produces more crime (self-fulfilling prophecy)
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Unit 4 Criminology WJEC (10 decks)

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