AC3.1 Explain the roles of agencies in social control

Question 1

Who found the Metropolitan police?

Answer 1

Sir Robert Peel

Question 2

What are the values of the police?

Answer 2

• Physical force should be a last resort
• The police have to serve the law impartially

Question 3

What are the polices aim and objectives?

Answer 3

The police keep peace and maintain order.
The police prevent, detect and investigate.

Question 4

Where does the funding for the police come from?

Answer 4

Two thirds come from the central government.
Most come from local council tax.
Small amount from charging services e.g. football matches.

Question 5

How big was the budget in 2024?

Answer 5

The police budget was £17.6 billion.

Question 6

By how much did the police budget fall in 2010?

Answer 6

Police budget fell by 19% between 2010 and 2018 leading to a fall in police officers

Question 7

Working practices. What is the national and local reach of the police?

Answer 7

In the UK there are 39 regional police forces in England and 4 in Wales.

Question 8

Working practices. What are the types of criminality and offenders dealt with by the police?

Answer 8

Generally all offences and offenders but there are specialist departments that deal with certain types of crime.

Question 9

Working practices. What are the police duties?

Answer 9

Most police have general duties from patrolling a particular area to securing crime scenes.

Question 10

Working practices. What helps the police achieve social control?

Answer 10

Specialist policing as there are specialist departments with specialist duties such as air support.

Question 11

What is the judiciary and how many judges are there?

Answer 11

The judiciary is all the judges in the country’s courts There are over 3,000 court judges.

Question 12

The judiciary’s values are stated in…

Answer 12

The Guide to Judicial Conduct which lays down - judicial independence, no government influence - impartiality

Question 13

What are the judiciary’s aims and objectives?

Answer 13

• interpreting and applying the law to cases in court.
• in the appeal courts making rulings on top of lower courts.

Question 14

How are wages decided for the judiciary?

Answer 14

Wages are decided by the government who decide how much they are paid

Question 15

Working practices. How secure are judiciary wages?

Answer 15

Judges have secure jobs and salary is guaranteed. There is a clear hierarchy of judges.

Question 16

Working practices. Types of criminality and offenders dealt with by the judiciary.

Answer 16

All types of offences and offenders are dealt with, however, less serious crimes are dealt with by magistrates.

Question 17

How many cases are dealt with by Crown Courts compared to magistrates?

Answer 17

Crown Courts deal 5% of cases and magistrates deal 95% of cases.

Question 18

What is the purpose of the CPS?

Answer 18

It removed possible bias from police investigating and prosecuting cases.

Question 19

What are the values of the CPS?

Answer 19

It values fairness, honesty, equality etc

Question 20

What are the CPS’s aims and objectives?

Answer 20

The CPS advise the police in their investigations and assess their evidence
The CPS prepares the prosecution case and presents it in court.

Question 21

Where does the funding for the CPS come from?

Answer 21

The government providing a budget of half a billion pounds a year.

Question 22

Working practices. What is the national and local reach of the CPS?

Answer 22

It has 14 regional teams. There is a 15th team that answers calls 24/7.

Question 23

Working practices. What are the types of criminality and offenders dealt with by the CPS?

Answer 23

The CPS deals with all offences and criminals except for some minor offences.

Question 24

Working practices. To help the CPS prosecute they apply…

Answer 24

The evidential test which sees if there is enough evidence to give a conviction.
The public interest test.

Question 25

What is the purpose of HM prison service?

Answer 25

'preventing victims by changing lives of offenders'

Question 26

What are the prisons aim and objectives?

Answer 26

To protect the public from harm. To help people rehabilitate.

Question 27

Working practices. What is the national reach of prisons.

Answer 27

Prisons are nationally organised with prisons situated throughout the UK.

Question 28

Working practices. What are the types of criminality and offenders dealt with by prisons?

Answer 28

Prisons deal with prisoners unsuitable to serve the sentence in the community. Seriousness of offence can vary greatly.

Question 29

Working practices. What do prisons do to help prisoners?

Answer 29

Carry out prison activities and routines to help rehabilitate.

Question 30

Working practices. What makes prisons ineffective in rehabilitating?

Answer 30

Prisons generally lack opportunities for education, training etc.

Question 31

Working practices. What helps control behaviour in prisons?

Answer 31

Incentives and earned privileges such as token economies are used to encourage good behaviour.

Question 32

What are the values of the National Probation Service (NPS)?

Answer 32

They believe that offenders can change for the better. They believe that the individual holds worth and dignity.

Question 33

What are the NPS's aims and objectives?

Answer 33

To tackle causes of re-offending. To protect the public by rehabilitating offenders.

Question 34

Where does the funding for NPS come from?

Question 35

Working Practices. What is the National and local reach of the NPS?

Answer 35

Regionally and locally they provide pre-sentencing reports for courts and assess prisoners.

Question 36

Working Practices. What are the types of criminality and offenders dealt with by NPS?

Answer 36

Generally 25,000 offenders are on probation.

Question 37

The philosophy, aims and objectives of **charities and pressure groups** are...

Answer 37

to change lives, strengthen communities and prevent crime by providing thousands of housing and education.

Question 38

What are charities and pressure groups?

Answer 38

Non-profit organisations that aim to promote welfare of ex-offenders and victims of crime e.g. NACRO.

Question 39

An example of a campaign to support offenders.

Answer 39

Campaigns to change laws and policies affecting ex-offenders. They support the 'Ban the Box' campaigns to remove declaring a criminal record on job applications.

Question 40

Where does funding for the charities and pressure groups come from?

Answer 40

Public donations and government grants. Their income amounts to £50 million annually.

Question 41

Working Practices. What is the national and local reach of charities and pressure groups?

Answer 41

There are projects in 50 different parts of England and Wales. Large full-time staff and many unpaid volunteers.

Question 42

Working Practices. Types of criminality and offenders helped by charities and pressure groups.

Answer 42

Wide range of ex-offenders and young people at risk of offending. It mainly is concerned with disadvantaged adults and teens. as e.g. two thirds of those released from prison are left homeless re-offend within a year.