Acceleration

Question 1

Define Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

Answer 1

Speed (distance covered in time)
Velocity (speed with direction)
Acceleration (distance traveled per second)

Question 2

What are the 3 types of acceleration experienced in flight

Answer 2

Linear (increase in thrust)
Radial (changing direction and accelerating, a turn)
Angular (aerobatic maneuver, linear and radial)

Question 3

T or F: Applied acceleration is often called G

Answer 3

True, G force is acceleration due to gravity

Question 4

What are the two durations of acceleration?

Answer 4

Long (>1-2 seconds, aerobatics)
Short (<1-2 seconds, ejection)

Question 5

What are the two types of acceleration rates?

Answer 5

Rapid Onset Rate (ROR) >0.33 G/s - 6G/s
Gradual Onset Rate (GOR) <0.25 G/s

Question 6

What are 4 effects of acceleration on the body?

Answer 6

Musculoskeletal, Cardiovascular, Hormone Response, Pulmonary effects (lungs)

Question 7

Which acceleration effect is most noticeable?

Answer 7

Cardiovascular, as this has visual effects

Question 8

T or F: Sitting at a 30 degree angle would lessen the effects of G force

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What are the 3 visual effects you would see from G force acceleration?

Answer 9

Tunnel vision, gray-out, blackout

Question 10

T or F: G-measles is a muscularskeletal effect of G force

Answer 10

False, it is cardiovascular (skin capillaries burst)

Question 11

What is ALOC?

Answer 11

Almost loss of consciousness, occurs during/after rapid G force

Question 12

How long is absolute incapacitation? Relative incapacitation? Total?

Answer 12

Absolute (full unconscious, aprox 12 seconds
Relative (slow recovery after, aprox 15 secs)
Total (absolute + relative)

Question 13

What is the baroreceptor reflex and how long is it?

Answer 13

Standing up too quickly after lying down. Neck muscles compress to preserve head-level blood pressure (6-12 secs after acceleration)

Question 14

T or F: Acceleration atelectasis can be relieved with coughing

Answer 14

True (+4 G upper half of the lung)

Question 15

What are three factors that can decrease tolerance to G acceleration?

Answer 15

Hydration (thirsty), Blood glucose (hungry), Time off flying, Gender and body morphology

Question 16

What is a redout?

Answer 16

Reddening of the vision, front eye capilaries are bursting, caused from negative G

Question 17

What is tolerated more, +G or -G

Answer 17

+G, -3G can be tolerated for up to 10-15 seconds

Question 18

What is the push-pull effect?

Answer 18

Exposure to -G acceleration reduces tolerance to a following +G exposure

Question 19

What are 3 ways to counter G force?

Answer 19

Anti G suits
AGSM
Physical conditioning
Limit duration (<4-6 seconds)

Question 20

Why is a civilian aerobatic pilot able to withstand 12 G’s without a G suit?

Answer 20

Because their planes don’t have thrust capabilities to pull sustained maneuvers (<4-6 seconds)

Question 21

How many G’s does a Anti-G suit provide improvement?

Answer 21

Max 2 G improvement (1-1.5 avg)

Question 22

How many G’s does AGSM provide improvement?

Answer 22

Max 3 G improvement

Question 23

How much G protection does AGSM + Anti G suit provide?

Answer 23

5 in theory, 9 in practice