Accommodative and Vergence Dysfunction Flashcards
Occurs when the amplitude of accommodation (AA) is lower than the expected AA for the patient’s age and is not due to sclerosis of the crystalline lens.
Accommodative Insufficiency
A rare condition in which the accommodative system fails to respond to any stimulus.
Paralysis of Accommodation
The result of overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Spasm of Accommodation
It is a condition in which the AA is normal,but fatigue occurs with repeated accommodative stimulation.
Ill- Sustained Accommodation
Also called an accommodative inertia.
Accommodative Infacility
Receded near point of convergence (NPC).
Convergence Insufficiency
Described as exophoria or exotropia at far greater than near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Divergence Excess
Patient often reports blurred distance vision immediately following sustained near work.
Accommodative Infacility
Patient with basic exophoria has a deviation of similar magnitude a both distance and near.
Basic Exophoria
Patients with fusional vergence dysfunction (vergence insufficiency) often have normal phorias and AC/A ratios but reduced fusional vergence amplitudes.
Fusional Vergence Dysfunction
Maybe either comitant and idiopathic or noncomitant, due to muscle paresis or other mechanical cause.
Vertical Heterophorias
Different phorias in far and near.
Mixed Phoria
Described as esophoria or esotropia at far greater than the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
Divergence Insufficiency
Can be caused by the use of cycloplegic drugs or by trauma ocular or systemic disease, toxicity or poisoning.
Paralysis of Accommodation
The condition may also result from other causes, such as the use of either systemic or topical cholinergic drugs, trauma, brain tumor, or myasthenia gravis.
Spasm of Accommodation
