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Flashcards in acid base balance Deck (16)
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1
Q

acute respiratory failure (ARF)

A

Includes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Severe respiratory distress syndrome (SARS)

2
Q

arf caused by

A

caused by failure to adequately ventilate and/or oxygenate:
- Lack of perfusion to the pulmonary capillary bed (PE)
- Any condition that alters gas exchange:

Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Asthma
Emphsemia

3
Q

Criteria to categorize ARF is based on

A

abg values

4
Q

risk factors for arf

A

cause ventilator failure and oxygenation failure

5
Q

expected findings for arf

A

Cyanosis
Rapid, shallow breathing
Hypoxemia
Confusion
Irritability or agitation
Restlessness
Hypercarbia (high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood)

6
Q

PH

A

7.35-7.45

7
Q

pco2

A

35-45

8
Q

hco3

A

21-28

9
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

decrease ph
co2 normal
hco3 decrease

10
Q

metabolic alkalosis

A

increase ph
normal pco2
hco3 increase

11
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

ph decrease
increase c02
normal hc03

12
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

increase ph
pco2 decreased
hco3 normal

13
Q

risk factors for respiratory acidosis

A

Respiratory depression/hypoxia
Pneumothorax
Airway obstruction
Inadequate ventilation
Over sedation/anesthesia
Head Trauma
Neuromuscular disease

14
Q

respiraotry alkalosis risk factors

A

Hyperventilation
Pain
Anxiety
Severe anemia
Central nervous system lesions

*not enough co2

15
Q

risk factors for metabolic acidosis

A

Diarrhea
Fever
Hypoxia
Starvation
Seizure
Renal failure
DKA
Dehydration

more sick

16
Q

metabolic alkalosis risk factors

A

Ingestion of antacids
GI suction
Hypokalemia
TPN
Blood transfusion
Prolonged vomiting