Acid Base Chemistry

Question 1

Arrhenius acid

Answer 1

Acids that produce H+

Question 2

Arrhenius Base

Answer 2

Bases that produce OH-

Question 3

Lewis acids

Answer 3

Atom or compounds that accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond

Question 4

Lewis bases

Answer 4

Atom or compound that donates a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond

Question 5

Lowry-Bronsted Acid

Answer 5

are proton donors

Question 6

Lowry-Bronsted Bases

Answer 6

are proton acceptors

Question 7

Amphoteric

Answer 7

Molecules that donate or accept protons in response to whatever else is in solution

Question 8

Strong acid and bases

Answer 8

Completely dissociates in solution

Question 9

Strong acids

Answer 9

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4

Question 10

Strong Bases

Answer 10

LiOH, NaOH, KOH

Question 11

Weak acids and bases

Answer 11

Acids that undergo partial, reversible dissociation

Question 12

Weak acids

Answer 12

An acid that isn’t one of the six strong acids

Question 13

Weak base

Answer 13

A base that isn’t one of the strong bases

Question 14

Conjugate acid base pair

Answer 14

A conjugate pair is made up of two molecules that have identical molecular formulas, except that one of them has an additional H+

Question 15

Conjugate acid

Answer 15

A member of a conjugate pair having an extra H+

Question 16

Conjugate base

Answer 16

A member of a conjugate pair having one fewer H+

Question 17

The conjugate acid of a strong base is:

Answer 17

Neutral

Question 18

The conjugate base of a strong acid is:

Answer 18

Neutral

Question 19

The conjugate acid of a weak base is:

Answer 19

An acid

Question 20

The conjugate base of a weak acid is:

Answer 20

A base

Question 21

Buffer

Answer 21

A buffer must consist of a conjugate pair of a weak acid and weak base

Question 22

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

Answer 22

pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])

pOH = pKb + log([HA]/[A-])

Question 23

Important rule about buffers

Answer 23

Diluting or concentration a buffered solution DOES NOT change its pH

Question 24

Titrant

Answer 24

Strong base or acid of known identity and concentration that is added to an unknown acid or base solution

Question 25

Equivalence point

Answer 25

Point when no unreacted titrant or unknown base/acid remain in solution only their conjugated do; it's the steepest part of the curve

Question 26

If pH at equivalence point is above 7

Answer 26

Then the unknown is a strong

Question 27

If the pH at equivalence point is greater or less

Answer 27

The unknown is weak

Question 28

Half equivalence point

Answer 28

Point when enough titrant has been added to neutralize exactly 1/2 of the original acid or base; pH = pKa

Question 29

Acid base indicators

Answer 29

Substances that change color in a pH range of +/- 1 of their pKa

Question 30

Titrant

Answer 30

Strong base or acid of known identity and concentration that is added to an unknown acid or base solution

Question 31

Equivalence point

Answer 31

Point when no unreacted titrant or unknown base/acid remain in solution only their conjugated do; it's the steepest part of the curve

Question 32

If pH at equivalence point is above 7

Answer 32

Then the unknown is a strong

Question 33

If the pH at equivalence point is greater or less

Answer 33

The unknown is weak

Question 34

Half equivalence point

Answer 34

Point when enough titrant has been added to neutralize exactly 1/2 of the original acid or base; pH = pKa

Question 35

Acid base indicators

Answer 35

Substances that change color in a pH range of +/- 1 of their pKa