acid-base equilibrium

Question 1

strong acids

Answer 1

dissociate completely in water to form ions

Question 2

weak acids

Answer 2

dissociate partially in water to form H+ ions and ROO-

Question 3

why are strong acids better elextrolytes than weak acids

Answer 3

both strong and weak acid molecules dissociate in water to form ions - > mobile ions cause soln to hv electrical conductivity

although both sons have the same conc, HCl is a strong acid that dissociates fully, while CH3COOH is a weak acid that dissociated partially - > conc. of dissociated ions larger in strong acid soln than weak

Question 5

arrhenius theory of acids and bases

Answer 5

acid: substance that gives out protons

base: substance that gives out hydroxide

Question 6

bronsted-lowry theory of acids and bases

Answer 6

acid: substance that donates protons (H+) to a base
[proton donor]

base: substance that accepts protons (H+) from an acid
[proton acceptor]

Question 7

lewis theory of acids and bases

Answer 7

acid

Question 8

lewis theory of acids and bases

Answer 8

acid: substance that accepts an electron pair from a base to form a dative covalent bond
[electron-pair acceptor]

base: substance that donates an electron pair to an acid to form a dative covalent bond
[electron-pair donor]

Question 9

acidic buffer

Answer 9

pH < 7, mixture of large reservoir of weak acid and salt of the same acid

Question 10

basic buffer

Answer 10

pH > 7, mixture of large reservoir of weak base and salt of the same base

Question 11

max buffering capacity

Answer 11

• smallest change in pH when small amount of strong acid or strong base is added to it

when
[salt] = [acid]
or
[salt] = [base]