Acid & Base Theory Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is an acid according to Arrhenius?
An acid is a substance that dissociates in aqueous solution to form H+ ions.
What is a strong acid according to Arrhenius?
A strong acid almost completely dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions.
Example: HCl
What is a weak acid according to Arrhenius?
A weak acid slightly dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions.
Example: CH₃COOH
What is a base according to Arrhenius?
A base is a substance that dissociates in an aqueous solution to produce hydroxide ions (OH-).
What is a strong base according to Arrhenius?
A strong base almost completely dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions.
Example: NaOH
What is a weak base according to Arrhenius?
A weak base only slightly dissociates in water to give hydroxide ions.
Example: Na₂CO₃
What does an acid do in Bronsted-Lowry theory?
An acid donates a proton.
What does a base do in Bronsted-Lowry theory?
A base accepts a proton.
What is a strong acid according to Bronsted-Lowry?
A strong acid is a good proton donor.
Example: HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃
What is a weak acid according to Bronsted-Lowry?
A weak acid is a poor proton donor.
Example: CH₃COOH
What is a strong base according to Bronsted-Lowry?
A strong base is a good proton acceptor.
Example: NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)₂
What is a weak base according to Bronsted-Lowry?
A weak base is a poor proton acceptor.
Example: NH₃
What is an amphoteric substance?
An amphoteric substance is one that can react as an acid with a base and also as a base with an acid.
What is a conjugate acid-base pair?
A conjugate acid-base pair is any pair consisting of an acid and a base that differs by one proton.
What is a neutralisation reaction?
Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water.
