Acidosis and alkalosis diagnosis Flashcards
1
Q
Acidemia +
PCO2 >40mmHg
A
Respiratory alkalosis (hypoventilation)
1) airway obstruction
2) acute lung dz
3) chronic lung dz
4) opioid, sedative
5) respiratory muscle
2
Q
Acidemia +
PCO2 <40mmHg
A
Metabolic acidosis with compensation (hypervent)
Then check for anion gap:
Anion gap = Na - (Cl- + bicarb)
3
Q
Anion gap acidosis
A
MUD PILES Methanol (formic acid) Uremia Diabetic ketoacidosis Propylene glycol Iron tablet or INH Lactic acidosis Ethylene glycol (oxalic acid) Salicylate (late)
4
Q
NON anion gap acidosis
A
Normal anion gap (8-12 mEq/L)
HARD ASS Hyperalimentation Addision's disease Renal tubular acidosis Diarrhea Acetazolamide Spironolactone Saline infusion
5
Q
Alkalemia+
PCO2 <40 mmHg
A
Respiratory alkalosis
1) hyperventilation (early high altitude exposure)
2) salicylate (early)
6
Q
Alkalemia+
PCO2 >40mmHg
A
Metabolic alkalosis with compensation (hypovent)
1) loop diuretics
2) vomiting
3) antacid use
4) hyperaldosteronism
