Acids Flashcards
When an acid is added to water what ion is released into the solution?
Hydrogen ion H+
Define acid
Proton donor
Describe the dissociation of a strong acid
Full dissociation
Define base
Proton acceptor
Which base is used to treat indigestion?
Magnesium hydroxide
What are alkalis?
Bases that can dissolve in water to form aqueous hydroxide ion,
What are amphoteric substances?
Substances that can act as acids and bases
What is formed when acid reacts with carbonate?
Salt, carbon dioxide and water.
What is a salt?
A compound that is formed when H+ of an ion is replaced by a metal ion or a positive ion.
What is formed when acids react with metal oxide?
Salt and water
What is formed when acids react with metal?
Salt and hydrogen
Why are the products the same when acid reacts with alkali and metal oxides.
Both alkali and metal oxides are types of bases.
How are ammonium salts formed?
When acid reacts with aqueous ammonia.
What are hydrated crystals?
A crystalline structure containing water
What does anhydrous crystals mean?
Crystalline form that contains no water.
What does a dot formula indicate?
The amount of water present in a crystalline structure
Write down the methods to carry out a titration?
- Using a pipette, measure the volume of a solution.
- Add the solution into a conical flask and add and indicator into it.
- Add the other solution into a burette into the conical flask.
- Slowly add the solution in the burette into the conical flask.
- Swirl the mixture continuously until the end point is reached.
- Repeat until concordant results are obtained.
What is the colour of methyl orange in an acid, base and at end point?
Acid- red
Base- yellow
End point- orange
Drescribe the dissociation of a weak acid
Partial dissociation
Describe the dissociation of sulphuric acid
H2SO4 —> H+ + HSO4 -
H-SO4 —> H+. SO4 2-
2 step dissociation
Describe the dissociation of a weak acid
HCOOH ( reversible reactions) HCOO- + H+
CH3COOH (reversible reaction) CH3COO- + H+
Why is Ethanoic acid a weak acid ?
Because the acid only forms a low concentration of hydrogen ions in water so the pH is high and the acid is weak.
