Acids And Alkalis (metal reactions)

Question 1

Know the taste of acids

Answer 1

They have a sour taste

Question 2

Know the names of some household acids and laboratory acids

Answer 2

Some of the most common acids used in industry and science labs are sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, and acetic acid.

Question 3

Know why some acids are more dangerous than others

Answer 3

Both acids and bases can be dangerous depending on their pH level, or how strong they are. For example, a strong acid would be more dangerous than a weak base, and the other way around.

Question 4

Know the meanings of some safety symbols

Answer 4

Flammable, Poison, etc.

Question 5

Know that alkalis are another type of dangerous chemical

Answer 5

Alkalis are another type of dangerous chemical

Question 6

Know some examples of common alkalis

Answer 6

Sodium Hydroxide (liquid or solid), potassium Hydroxide (liquid or solid), sodium Carbonate (soda ash), sodium Chloride.

Question 7

Know what an indicator is

Answer 7

A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of the solution can be determined visually.

Question 8

Know the names and colour changes of some indicators

Answer 8

Universal indicator, litmus, etc. Litmus only goes one colour e.g: red litmus in alkali goes blue Litmus doesn’t tell us the pH of a substance that why universal indicator is a better indicator (that we can use). Universal indicator goes many colours showing the PH (how are acids or alkali a substance is).

Question 9

Know what a neutral substance is

Answer 9

A nutralise substance is q substance that shown no acid or base properties, has an equal number of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions and does not change the colour of litmus-paper.

Question 10

Know what the pH scale measures

Answer 10

pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is.

Question 11

Know how colour is related to the pH scale

Answer 11

0-7=acid 0-14=alkali

Question 12

Describe two ways of measuring the pH of a chemical

Answer 12

By the number from 0-14 or also by the color

Question 13

Know the pH numbers of strong and weak acids

Answer 13

The range goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity.

Question 14

Know the pH numbers of the strong and weak alkalis

Answer 14

The range goes from 0 - 14 with 7 bring neutral. Ph of more than 7 is alkali.

Question 15

Know what is meant by neutralisation

Answer 15

Neutralisation is a reaction where an acid reacts with an alkali to form a neutral solution of a salt and water.

Question 16

Know how to neutralise an acid or an alkali

Answer 16

Bases, also called alkaline compounds, have a pH greater than 7. Use a weak acid to neutralize bases. The opposite with acid.

Question 17

Know some practical examples of neutralisation

Answer 17

Toothpaste, milk of magnesium, etc.

Question 18

Know how the pH will change if an acid or alkali is diluted

Answer 18

Acidic solution is that you did with water it neutralises. E.g: an acid element that has the pH of two the pH increase up to pH seven (neutralising). When an alkali solution is diluted with water it neutralises. E.g: an alkaline element has the pH of 12 if you diluted the pH decrease in to ph7. 

Question 19

Describe patterns in chemical reactions of a metal with acids

Answer 19

To neutralize the equation is acid + alkali – salt + water

But a chemical reaction of a metal with acid is: metal + acid — salt + hydrogen.