Acids And Bases Flashcards
(21 cards)
pH of acids
Less than 7
pH of alkalis
More than 7
Colours of acid on pH scale
Red orange yellow green(light)
Colour of alkali on pH scale
Blue purple
What is an alkali
Alkalis are soluble bases
How can an alkaline solution be formed
An alkaline solution can be formed when a metal oxide is dissolved in water
How can an acidic solution be formed
An acidic solution can be formed when a non-metal oxide is dissolved in water
Can acidic and alkaline solutions conduct?
Yes because they have lots that are free to carry charge
Hydrochloric acid
HCI . H + (aq) Cl - (aq)
Sulfuric acid
H2S04 IIIII 2H+(aq)) 5042 - (aq)
What ions do alkalis have?
OH- hydroxide ions
What ions do acids have
H+ hydrogen ions
What happens when you add water to an acidic solution
When an acidic is diluted with water the concentration of H+ ions decreases and the pH of the solution increases towards 7
What happens when water is added to an alkali
When an alkali is diluted by water the concentration of OH- ions decreases. This causes the pH of the alkali to fall towards 7
What is a neutralisation reaction?
A neutralisation reaction is a chemical reaction wherein an aced and an alkali are reacted together to produce a salt and water
What are the three reactants (excluding acids) used In neutralisation reactions
Alkali, metal carbonates, metal oxides
Neutralisation with an alkali…
Acid + alkali → salt + water
Neutralisation with a metal oxide
Acid + metal oxide → salt + water
Neutralisation with a metal carbonate…
Metal carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxide
Soluble salts can be made…
By reacting an acid with an insoluble base ( usually metal oxide/ hydroxide )
An insoluble salt can be made…
By reacting two bistable solutions together to form a precipitate
