acids and bases Flashcards
(20 cards)
strong acids
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid
weak bases
ammonia, carbonate
weak acids
ethanoic, ammonium
strong bases
sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide
definiton of strength of acid
the amount of molecules that can be fully ionised when placed in water (into hydronium ions)
defintion of strong base
ionised to high concentration of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
defintion of a base
proton acceptor, produces hydroxide ions when reacted with water
definition of an acid
proton donor (H+), produces hydronium ions
ionisation energy
the amount of energy recquired to remove the LOOSEST electron of an cation, atom, molecule etc
ionisation energy in regards to periodic table
decreases down group, increases across
covalent compound
bond between two non metals
ionic compound
bond between one metal and one nonmetal
acidic properties
react with metals, sour, turn litmus paper red,
base properties
bitter, slippery, litmus paper blue, do not react with carbonates
mineral acids
HCl
HNO3
H2SO4
H2CO3
H3PO4
organic acids
CH3COOH
non metal oxides
CO2
SO2
base + acid
salt and water
metal and acid
salt and hydrogen gas
carbonate and acid
salt and water and carbon dioxide
