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A Level Chemistry > Acids and Bases 2.1.4 > Flashcards

Acids and Bases 2.1.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

7 Properties of Acidic solutions:

A

-turns litmus paper red
-pH is less than 7
-Contains H+
-neutralizes some alkalis or bases
-reacts with some metals
-turns universal indicator red
-reacts with carbonate to give C02 gas

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2
Q

Formula for Hydrochloric Acid=

A

HCl

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3
Q

Formula for Nitric Acid=

A

HNO3

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4
Q

Formula for Sulphuric Acid=

A

H2SO4

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5
Q

Formula for Ethanoic Acid=

A

CH3COOH

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6
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, Define Acid

A
  • An acid is a proton (H+) donor
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7
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, Define base

A
  • A base is a proton (H+) acceptor
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8
Q

A base is a compound that

A

Neutralizes the acid to form a salt

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9
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, define Alkali

A

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-) ions

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10
Q

What do acids do in aqueous solution

A

Acids release H+ ions in aqueous solution

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11
Q

What is a strong acid

A

Fully dissociates in solution to produce H+ ions

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12
Q

What is a weak acid

A

-Weak acids are in equilibrium; they only partially dissociate in solution to produce H+ ions

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13
Q

Give an example of a weak acid

A

Carboxylic acids

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14
Q

What are examples of bases

A

Examples of Bases are metal oxides and metal hydroxides

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15
Q

How do metal oxides and metal hydroxides become alkalis

A

if these become soluble then they are known as alkalis

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16
Q

Define alkali

A

An alkali is a type of base that dissolves in water forming OH- ions

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17
Q

What is a strong base or alkali since its dissolved in aqueous solution

A

Strong alkalis completely dissociate in solution to produce OH- ions

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18
Q

What is a weak base or alkali since it does dissolve in solution

A

Weak alkalis are in equilibrium; they partially dissociate in water to produce OH- ions

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19
Q

Give an example of a weak alkali

A

Aqueous ammonia, amines

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20
Q

Give an example of a weak base

A

Aqueous ammonia, amines

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21
Q

Name the common alkalis

A

Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Aqueous Ammonia
Hydroxide

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22
Q

What are the formulas of the common alkalis

A

Sodium hydroxide= NaOH
Potassium hydroxide= KOH
Aqueous Ammonia= NH3
Hydroxide= OH-

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23
Q

Name some common bases

A

Calcium Oxide
Copper Oxide
Magnesium Oxide

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24
Q

What are the names and formulas of the common bases

A

Calcium Oxide = CaO
Copper Oxide = CuO
Magnesium Oxide = MgO

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25
What are common bases known as
Metal oxides
26
What are common Alkalis also known as
Metal hydroxides
27
Acid+ ammonia= what
Acid+ ammonia-->Ammonium salt
28
What is a neutralization reaction
Neutralization reactions involves the transfer of a proton- the acid donates a proton and the base accepts a proton
29
Give an example of a neutralization reaction
H+ + OH- = H20
30
How is a salt formed
A salt is formed when a metal ion or an ammonium ion replaces the H+ in an acid
31
What is a salt
The product of a reaction in which the H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions (ionic compounds)
32
HCl + NaOH----> H2O + NaCl is an example of what type of reaction
Acid+ base/alkali----> Salt+ Water
33
Acid+ metal= ?
Acid+ metal--->Salt+ hydrogen
34
Acid+ metal oxide = ?
Acid+ metal oxide--> Salt+ water
35
Acid+ metal hydroxide = ?
Acid+ metal hydroxide---> Salt+ water
36
Acid+ metal carbonate= ?
Acid+ metal carbonate----> Salt+ water+ Carbon dioxide
37
Hydrochloric Acid= ?
Hydrochloric Acid= Chloride
38
Sulphuric Acid= ?
Sulphuric Acid= Sulphate
39
Nitric acid= ?
Nitric acid= Nitrate
40
Ethanoic Acid= ?
Ethanoic Acid= Ethanoate
41
What is ethanoic acid also known as
Vinegar
42
Give examples of common bases metal oxides
MgO CaO CuO
43
Give examples of common bases metal carbonates
Na2CO3 CaCO3 CuCO3
44
Give examples of common bases that dissolve in water to produce OH- ions (Alkalis)
NaOH KOH NH3
45
What is the formula for sodium chloride
NaCl
46
What is the formula for sodium sulphate
Na2SO4
47
What is the formula for Calcium Nitrate
Ca(NO3)2
48
What s the formula for Ammonium ethanoate
CH3COONH4
49
Sulphuric acid is a strong acid but this is only true for...
one of the two hydrogen atoms.
50
What happens to the H2SO4 molecule when mixed with water
It dissociates releasing just one of its two hydrogen atoms as an H+ ion
51
Do Summary Questions 1 a, 1b, 2a and 2b in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook
Page 42, answers are at the back on page 274
52
Do Summary Questions 3 in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook
Questions= Page 42 Answers are at the back on page 274
53
Do Summary Questions 4 in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook
Questions= Page 42 Answers are at the back on page 274
54
Acid+ Carbonate---> Salt+ Water+ Carbon dioxide What observations would be made in this reaction
Observations: In Carbonate reactions there will be Effervescence due to the CO2 gas evolved and the solid carbonate will dissolve
55
Give an example of an inorganic common acid
HCl H2SO4 HNO3
56
Give an example of an organic common acid
Carboxylic acid (ethanoic acid) Phenol (reacts as an acid in some reactions)
57
Give an example of inorganic common bases
metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, ammonia
58
Give examples of organic common bases
amines (ethylamine)
59
acid + ammonia------>
Ammonium Salt
60
Acid + Amine ----->
Salt
61
What is a displacement reaction
A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from an aqueous solution of its ions
62
Write a displacement reaction for: Metal+ acid----> salt + hydrogen ( reactive metal must be above hydrogen in reactivity series) Use Hydrochloric acid and Zinc as an example
2 HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
63
For a displacement reaction to occur the metal must be above what in the reactivity series
For a displacement reaction to occur the metal must be above Hydrogen in the reactivity series
64
Write a displacement reaction for: Metal+ salt----> salt + metal ( reacting metal must be above metal ion in reacting salt in reactivity series)
65
For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting metal must be above the metal ion in reacting salt in reactivity series True or False
True
66
For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting halogen must be what
For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting halogen must be more reactive than the halide ion in the reacting metal halide
67
Write a displacement reaction for: Halogen+ metal halide----> metal halide + halogen ( reacting halogen must be more reactive than the halide ion in the reacting metal halide)
68
Write a displacement reaction for: Salt+ salt ----> salt+ salt ( the metals in 2 salts exchange places)
69
What is a precipitation reaction
The formation of a solid from a solution during a chemical reaction
70
Precipitates are often formed when
two aqueous solutions are mixed together
71
The precipitate is soluble in water True or False
False The precipitate is insoluble in water
72
Do the time trial Challenge sheet on Balancing equations in 15 minutes
should be in chem folder with the rest of the sheets
73
Do Task 1 in 2.1.4 Acids and Bases Booklet
Page 4
74
Do Task 5 in 2.1.4 Acids and Bases Booklet
page 7
75
Make flashcards on Practical: Acids, Bases, Alkalis and Neutralization in Booklet
Should be at the back of the booklet
76
Scan first QR code on the first page of Acids and Bases Booklet
Watch the MaChemGuy video
77
Scan the second QR code on the first or front page and follow seneca link
Complete whatever task it asks
78
Scan the third QR code on Front page and complete quizlet link
Should be straight forward
79

A Level Chemistry (14 decks)

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