Acids and bases Flashcards
what did the Arrhenius theory say about acids
an acid contains H+ and forms H30+ which increases the concentration of H+
what does the Arrhenius theory say about bases?
base forms OH in water and increases the concentration of OH
what is the benefit of the Arrhenius theory?
easy to sort substances into acids and bases
what is a problem with the Arrhenius theory
many bases do not contain hydroxides and only addresses what happens in aqueous solutions
what did the Brontsted lowry theory
transfer of H+ ions from one substance to another// identify conjugate pairs
what is a conjugate base?
what is left of the acid after it donates H+// substance accepts the proton if it was in the reverse reaction
what a conjugate acid?
what is left of the base after it accepts the H+// substance that donates the H+ in reverse reaction
bronsted lowry acid:
donates a proton ( H+)
what does polyprotic mean and how many H+ do they lose
acids with more than 1 H+ and it loses one H+ at a time
what happens to H+ in weak organic acids
the H that is lost is attatched to the Oxygen within carboxyl group bc of polarity
bronsted lowry base:
accepts the proton
what arrow do you use to show a weak acid
two-way arrow
what is amphiprotic and what is an example
can act as an acid or base// water
in an image what would a strong acid/ base look like
completely dissociated
in an image what would a weak acid/ base look like
not fully dissociated
what % do weak acids and bases dissociate
below 100%
what % do strong acids and bases dissociate
100%
which type is a strong conductor and which type is weak
strong acids and bases// weak acids and bases
what pH is weak acids and bases closest to?
7
what pH # is strong acids and bases closest to?
less than 7
where would strong acids and bases lie near equilibrium
product side
where would weak acids and bases lie near equilibrium
reactant side
monoprotic acids in weak acids and bases
acid > H+
monoprotic acids in strong acids and bases
acic = H+
