Acids & bases Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is bransted acid
a proton donor
what is bransted base
a proton acceptor
what is lewis acid
electron pair acceptor
what is lewis base
electron pair donor
what is conjugate acid
when the compound gains a proton
what is conjugate base
when the compound loses a proton
what is net ionic equation
main event, change in states
what happens when acids react with alkalis (bases)
neutralisation
what happens when acids react with carbonates
forming CO2
what happens when acids react with metal oxides (bases)
form H2O
what happens when acids react with many metals
form H2
whats dissociation constant
Ka
acid base dissociation
HA (aq) + H2O (l) = H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq)
OR
HA (aq) = H+(aq) + A-(aq)
Ka equation
Ka= [H+] [A-] / [HA]
pH equation
pH= -log[H+] OR [H+]= 10^-pH
Kw equation
Kw= [H+] [OH] OR [H+]= Kw / [OH]
what is Kw at 25 degrees celcius
1.0x10^-14
how many H+ does a diprotic atom produces
2
what is the dilution formula
C1 V1= C2 V2 OR C2=C1V1 / V2
pKa formula
pKa= -log(Ka) OR Ka= 10^-pKa
Weak acids Ka formula
Ka= [H+]^2 / [HA]
What is Henderson Hasselbalch equation for buffer solutions
pH= Pka+ log ([A-] / [HA])
Whats a buffer solution
-resists changes in pH when small quantities of acid or base are added to it
