Acids Bases and Salts 2B

Question 1

silver ion

Answer 1

Ag+

Question 2

Copper (II) ion

Answer 2

Cu2+

Question 3

Ammonium ion

Answer 3

NH4+

Question 4

Iron (II) ion

Answer 4

Fe2+

Question 5

Iron (III) ion

Answer 5

Fe3+

Question 6

Zinc ion

Answer 6

Zn2+

Question 7

Lead (II) ion

Answer 7

Pb2+

Question 8

Carbonate ion

Answer 8

CO3 2-

Question 9

Sulfate ion

Answer 9

SO4 2-

Question 10

Nitrate ion

Answer 10

NO3-

Question 11

Phosphate ion

Answer 11

PO4 3-

Question 12

Hydrogen-carbonate ion

Answer 12

HCO3-

Question 13

Hydroxide ion

Answer 13

OH-

Question 14

Ethanoic acid formula

Answer 14

CH3COOH

Question 15

Phospheric acid formula

Answer 15

H3PO4

Question 16

what is an acid?

Answer 16

a species that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

Question 17

a strong acid … dissociates in solution

Answer 17

fully

Question 18

a weak acid … dissociates in solution

Answer 18

partially

Question 19

strong acid dissociations have the sign

Answer 19

->

Question 20

weak acid dissociations have the sign

Answer 20

⇌ as they are reversible because an equilibrium exists between the ions and the acid. at any one time all 3 exist in the solution

Question 21

what is a base?

Answer 21

a compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt

Question 22

what is an alkali?

Answer 22

a water soluble base that releases OH- ions in aqueous solution

Question 23

acid + metal hydroxide

Answer 23

salt +water

Question 24

acid + metal oxide

Answer 24

salt + water

Question 25

acid + metal carbonate

Answer 25

salt + CO2 + water

Question 26

acid + metal

Answer 26

salt + hydrogen

Question 27

what is a salt?

Answer 27

the product of a reaction in which the H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions

Question 28

when making observations, state colour and state ….. a reaction

Answer 28

before during and after

Question 29

what are the 3 most common alkalis?

Answer 29

NaOH, KOH, NH3

Question 30

what is neutralisation?

Answer 30

the reaction between acids and bases to produce a salt

Question 31

how do you test for halides?

Answer 31

add aqueous silver nitrate to an aqueous solution of a halide. the aqueous silver ions react with the aqueous halides to form precipitates of silver halides

Question 32

silver chloride precipitate

Answer 32

white

Question 33

silver bromide precipitate

Answer 33

cream

Question 34

silver iodide precipitate

Answer 34

yellow

Question 35

to test solubility for halides if precipitate colours hard to distinguish

Answer 35

add aqueous ammonia

Question 36

is silver chloride soluble in NH3?

Answer 36

yes - dilute and concentrated

Question 37

is silver bromide soluble in NH3?

Answer 37

no - dilute

yes - concentrated

Question 38

is silver iodide soluble in NH3?

Answer 38

no - dilute and concentrated

Question 39

how do you test for carbonate ions?

Answer 39

add dilute (nitric) acid, should get bubbles of CO2. Bubble the gas through limewater and precipitate of calcium carbonate turns lime water cloudy

CO3 2- reacts with H+ to form CO2

Question 40

how do you test for sulfate ions?

Answer 40

add aqueous barium ions (from barium chloride or nitrate) to a solution. A white precipitate of barium sulfate will form if sulfate ions are present

Question 41

how do you test for ammonium ions?

Answer 41

add aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to a solution of an ammonium ion (NH4+). Ammonia gas (NH3) is produced. Warm mixture and gas will be released. Will turn damp red litmus paper blue as it is alkaline