Acids, Bases and Salts - Unit 1 Topic 8

Question 1

What does charcoal do when making a dry, pure, soluble salt?

Answer 1

Removes the indicator

Question 2

What do acids do when dissolved in water?

Answer 2

They are ionised

Question 3

List 3 properties of acids

Answer 3

Taste sour
Corrosive
Low pH

Question 4

What do soluble bases do when dissolved in water?

Answer 4

Produce hydroxides and ionise

Question 5

List 3 properties of bases

Answer 5

Taste bitter
Feel slippery/soapy
Corrosives & high pH

Question 6

Give 3 examples of everyday acids

Answer 6

Lemon juice
Stomach acid
Battery acid

Question 7

Give 3 examples of everyday bases

Answer 7

Soap powder
Antacids
Baking soda

Question 8

CHECK HAZARD SYMBOL KNOWLEDGE

Answer 8

Done

Question 9

What is an indicator?

Answer 9

A dye that changes colour according to whether a substance is acidic or alkaline.

Question 10

What does litmus paper turn in acidic and alkaline solution?

Answer 10

Blue = alkali
Red = acid

Question 11

What colour does phenolphthalein turn in acidic and alkaline solution?

Answer 11

Pink = alkali
Colourless = acid

Question 12

Universal indicator:
Strong acids =
Weak acids =
Neutral =
Weak alkalis =
Strong alkalis =

Answer 12

Red
Orange
Green
Blue
Purple

Question 13

What is a base?

Answer 13

A compound that will neutralise an acid

Question 14

What are alkalis?

Answer 14

Soluble bases that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

Question 15

What is the strength of a substance?

Answer 15

Measure of the amount of ionisation. Measured by pH

Question 16

What is the concentration of a substance?

Answer 16

Measure of the number of moles of acid/alkali molecules dissolved in 1dm3 of water. Measure by mol/dm3

Question 17

What is the symbol for a hydroxide ion?

Answer 17

H+

Question 18

Give 2 examples of real-life neutralisation

Answer 18

Indigestion (antacids against hydrochloric acid)

Lakes affected by acid rain add lime which saves the fish

Question 19

What is neutralisation?

Answer 19

When an equal amount of H+ ions from an acid and OH- ions from an alkali react to form salt & water

Question 20

What is a neutralisation reaction? (Exo or endo)

Answer 20

Exothermic

Question 21

What is a salt?

Answer 21

When a metal takes the place of hydrogen in an acid

Question 22

What salts do these acids form:
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Ethanoic acid

Answer 22

Chloride
Sulfates
Nitrates
Ethanoates

Question 23

What ions do these acids form:
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Ethanoic acid

Answer 23

Cl-
SO4 2-
NO3 -
CH3COO-

Question 24

Acid + metal ->
Acid + carbonate ->
Acid + alkali ->
Acid + base ->

Answer 24

Salt + hydrogen
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Salt + water
Salt + water

Question 25

What colour solution does magnesium + sulphuric acid give?

Answer 25

Colourless

Question 26

What is the test for hydrogen?

Answer 26

Lighted splint. Squeaky pop.

Question 27

What colour solution does copper oxide + sulphuric acid give?

Answer 27

Blue

Question 28

What colour solution does copper carbonate + sulfuric acid give?

Answer 28

Blue

Question 29

What is the general rule for oxides?

Answer 29

Metal oxides = basic | Non-metal oxides = acidic

Question 30

What are 2 exceptions to the general oxides rule?

Answer 30

Water (hydrogen oxide) Carbon monoxide Both are neutral

Question 31

What are amphoteric compounds?

Answer 31

React with both acids + alkalis

Question 32

2 examples of amphoteric compounds

Answer 32

Aluminium hydroxide | Zinc hydroxide

Question 33

Why can copper sulfate not be prepared by adding dilute sulfuric acid directly to copper?

Answer 33

Copper is unreactive so there will be no reaction

Question 34

What colour is copper (II) oxide?

Answer 34

Black

Question 35

In general, what colour are copper solutions?

Answer 35

Blue

Question 36

In general, what colour are most Group I, Group II, aluminium and zinc compounds?

Answer 36

White

Question 37

What colour of solutions do most Group I, Group II, aluminium & zinc compounds produce?

Answer 37

Colourless

Question 38

3 ways to dry a salt

Answer 38

Dry between 2 pieces of paper Dessicator Low temperature oven