Acne and Rosaea Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Acne and Rosaea Lecture Powerpoint Deck (36)
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1
Q

___% of young adults have acne

A

85

2
Q

Acne vulgaris is not a physically threatening condition, but rather affects patients….

A

…psychologically

3
Q

Hormone that controls sebum production

A

Androgens

4
Q

Acne vulgaris pathophysiology mech of action (also state the organism responsible for the condition)

A

-androgens drive sebum production -anormal desquamation obstructs the opening to the folliculosebaceous apparatus -intrafollicular bacteria proliferate (propionibacterium acnes) -proinflammatory mediators result in the development of an inflammatory lesion

5
Q

Is acne caused by dirt or poor hygiene?

A

NO!

6
Q

Is acne exaggerated by stress?

A

YES

7
Q

Open comedones vs closed comedones

A

Black headed pimples come from open comedones resulting from oxidation darkening the color, while white heads come from closed comedones

8
Q

Papules and pustules presentation in acne vulgaris and how are they different from comedones?

A

Erythematous papules or yellow pustules from obstructed hair follicle with surrounding inflammation more likely to scar (nodular presentation), they are different from comedones in the level of inflammation present

9
Q

3 classifications of acne presentation

A

Mild - noninflammatory lesions only, low risk of scarring Moderate - more extensive comedones and inflammatory lesions Severe - Moderate but also spread to back and other parts of body (or distressing), or nodulocystic lesions with scarring

10
Q

It is important to stress to the patient receiving acne treatment that…

A

…it can take at elast 6-8 weeks to notice significant improvement

11
Q

Acne vulgaris treatment options (5)

A

-benzoyl peroxide -topical retinoids -salicylic acid (ASA) -oral antibiotics -hormonal therapy

12
Q

Bonzoyl peroxide for acne treatment mech of action

A

-antibacterial thru oxidizing activity on proteins of P. acnes, and comedolytic to treat mild to moderate acne

13
Q

Topical antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin) for acne treatment mech of action

A

Used alongside benzoyl peroxide to prevent antibiotic resistance, decreases total number of P. acnes organisms

14
Q

Topical retinoids (vit A derivatives) for acne treatment mech of action

A

-normalizes desquamation of folicular epithelium preventing formation of new comedones and clearing existing ones

15
Q

Topical retinoids are contraindicated in…

A

…pregnancy

16
Q

Oral antibiotics (minocycline) for acne treatment mech of action and ADR

A

-indicated for moderate or severe acne that doesn’t respond to topical therapy by inhibiting the inflammatory process and decreases P. acnes colonization -vertigo is the big ADR with minocycline

17
Q

Tetracyclines are contraindicated in…

A

…children under 8 or in pregnancy

18
Q

Hormonal therapy (estrogens) for acne treatment mech of action

A

-used in females who have failed standard acne therapies or demonstrate hirsutism to inhibit androgen synthesis and thus decrease sebum production

19
Q

Oral retinoids (accutane) for acne treatment mech of action

A

-reserved for severe or nodulocystic acne, acts as an analogue to vit. A and is a teratogen and pregnancy category X

20
Q

Placing a patient on oral retinoids requires that they undergo a…

A

…risk management program

21
Q

Acne at home skin care recommentations (3)

A

-use water based lotions and products opposed to oil which are comedogenic -do not pick at lesions -daily moisturizer when using drying topical products

22
Q

Most common cause of treatment failure for acne vulgaris

A

lack of patient compliance

23
Q

Steroid acne, mechanical acne, and perioral dermatitis

A

-occurs due to oral steroid ingestion and appears similar to acne -appears from rubbing of clothes and such -occurs in young women and resembles acne but may actually be rosacea

24
Q

Hidradenitis suppurativa

A

Chronic suppurative subcutaneous process that occurs in areas of skin to skin contact (often in groin, axilla, parianal region) where follicle occlusion and sweating create abscesses that are not infectious, take a long time to diagnose

25
Q

Rosacea

A

Chronic, idiopathic skin disorder with many manifestations but typically occuring at the center of the face in fair skinned individuals

26
Q

4 main subtypes of rosacea

A

-erythematotelangiectatic rosacea -papulopustular rosacea -phymatous -ocular

27
Q

Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea

A

Recurrent episodes of facial flushing of the nose or medial cheeks and telangiectasias on cheeks with skin stinging or burning in affected areas, most common form of it

28
Q

Papulopustular rosacea

A

Presence of papules and pustules localized to the central face that may be mistaken for acne vulgaris but lacks COMEDONES as inflammation can extend beyond follicular unit

29
Q

Phymatous rosaces

A

Causes tissue hypertrophy and thickened skin often in adult men on the nose, chin, forehead and cheeks and can be markedly disfiguring

30
Q

Occular rosacea

A

A subtype of rosacea that occurs in over 50% of patients with other rosacea, will manifest with eye issues such as conjunctival hyperemia, foreign body sensations, or abnormal tearing

31
Q

Rosacea diagnosis

A

Clinical assessment is sufficient

32
Q

Rosacea treatments (3) and what is one to avoid

A

-metronidazole -skin moisturizer -cosmetic camoflage -avoid topical steroids as they aggrivate the condition

33
Q

How do you distinguish papulopustular rosacea with acne vulgaris?

A

A lack of comedomes in papulopustular rosacea

34
Q

What condition is this?

A

Sever acne

35
Q

What condition is this?

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

36
Q
A