Acquired Immunity

Question 0

The small part of a foreign antigen to which an antibody is formed is called an…

Answer 0

epitope

Question 1

What are the two main distinguishing factors of the acquired immune system?

Answer 1

Inducibility, memory

Question 2

MHC class II attract which adaptive immune cell?

Answer 2

Cytotoxic T cell (CD8)

Question 3

MHC class I match with what type of lymphocyte?

Answer 3

CD4 Helper T cells

Question 4

When are MHC class II expressed?

Answer 4

On antigen presenting cells like dendritic cells or macrophages, B cells, or epithelial cells of the thymus

Question 5

When are MHC class I cells expressed?

Answer 5

Expressed on all cells (except RBC’s) and make it so that CD8 cells can tell which are infected

Question 6

What are released by T cells to get monocytes and macrophages to invade a local area?

Answer 6

lymphokines

Question 7

What is the deal with CD3?

Answer 7

All T cells express it because it’s a part of the T cell receptor.

Question 8

Type 1 Helper T cells do what?

Answer 8

recognize an antigen, release a lymphokine that attracts thousands of macrophages to an area to clean up the antigen presenting cells.

Question 9

Type 17 T cells do what?

Answer 9

The same thing as Tc1, but much more potent. Implicated in autoimmunity

Question 10

Type 2 Helper T cells do what?

Answer 10

Stimulate macrophages to become “alternatively activated”, wall off an infection so that rebuilding can be occur. Very important in parasitic immunity.

Question 11

Follicular Helper T Cells do what?

Answer 11

ThF go to lymph nodes and stimulate B cell activation so they can release antibodies

Question 12

What to regulatory T cells do?

Answer 12

ake cytokines that suppress activation and recruitment of Th1, Th17, T2 cells to keep the immune response in check.
Part of the Th family

Question 13

What do CD8 Cytotoxic T cells do?

Answer 13

Kill cells bearing an abnormal or foreign antigen on the surface

Question 14

What interleukins are general activators of T cells?

Answer 14

IL2, IL15

Question 15

What cytokines drive Th cells to Th1 helper cell subtypes?

Answer 15

IL-12, IF-gamma

Question 16

What cytokine drives Th cells to Th2 subtype?

Answer 16

IL-4

Question 17

What cytokine down-regulates Th1?

Answer 17

IL-10

Question 18

What cytokine down-regulates both Th1 and Th2?

Answer 18

TGF-beta

Question 19

What ligand protein on target cells cause T-cell mediated cell death?

Answer 19

FAS

Question 20

FAS activation causes cell death by activating this class of proteins within the cell.

Answer 20

Caspases

Question 21

Cytotoxic T cells can also kill infected cells by releasing these three proteins:

Answer 21

TNF, Perforin, granzymes

Question 22

What does perforin do?

Answer 22

“Perforates” the cell membrane and lyses it

Question 23

What is a fully differentiated B cell called?

Answer 23

Plasma cell

Question 24

What is the role of CD79 A and B? (formerly known as IgAlpha and IgBeta)

Answer 24

Initiate cellular transcription to differentiate the B cell into a plasma cell

Question 25

What is the role of IgG once bound to an antigen?

Answer 25

Sets free complement to increase inflammation and pathogen destruction

Question 26

The first immunoglobulin to appear in the bloodstream after new infection is...

Answer 26

IgM

Question 27

_____ is replaced by ____ after a week or two from the initial infection

Answer 27

IgM, IgG

Question 28

Which is better at activating complement? IgM or IgG?

Answer 28

IgM

Question 29

What Immunoglobulin is inserted into the B cell surface as their antigen receptor?

Answer 29

IgD

Question 30

What antibody is most often present in mucousal secretions?

Answer 30

IgA

Question 31

What makes IgA resistant to mucousal digestion?

Answer 31

Secretory component

Question 32

What is the antibody most directly related to allergic reactions?

Answer 32

IgE

Question 33

What is the antibody most directly related to parasitic infections?

Answer 33

IgE

Question 34

An overactive allergic reaction to shellfish is due to what type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 34

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

Question 35

An autoimmune attack of acetylcholine receptors in Myesthenia Gravis is due to which class of hypersensitivity?

Answer 35

Type II hypersensitivity

Question 36

Which type of hypersensitivity has to do with trapping very small particles with antibodies in the capillaries of an affected person?

Answer 36

Type 3 hypersensitivity

Question 37

What type of hypersensitivity can be best described as the collateral damage hypersensitivity?

Answer 37

Type IV Hypersensitivity.