Fx: personality, problem solving
Frontal lobe
Fx: Somatosensory (temp, pressure, position)
anterior edge- Parietal lobe
Fx: vision (color/shape)
Occipital lobe
Fx: Auditory & smell
Superior temporal lobe
Fx: speech (motor)
Broca’s area- frontal lobe (left hemisphere)
Fx: Speech (sensory, planning & understanding)
Wernicke’s area- Jxn of parietal, temporal & occipital
Fx: biological drives (thirst, hunger)
Hypothalamus
Fx: emotions
Near corpus colloquy & temporal lobe
Fx: visual & spatial
Right parietal
Fx: Understand language
Left parietal
Which hemisphere = Speech, organized, aware of time, visual
Left
Which hemisphere = movement & sensation on right body and right half visual field
Left
Which hemisphere = Needs a reason to follow rules, enjoys sensory stimulation
Left
Which hemisphere = Music & art appreciation, drawing ability, words to remember
Right
Which hemisphere = mvmnt & sensation on left side of body and left half visual field
Right
Which hemisphere = Follows rules, likes to observe rather than participate
Right
Time period for:
Isolation, lobotomies, ECT
Pre 1960’s
Time period for:
drugs, therapy, de-institutionalizations
Post 1960’s
What institution, in 1955, was very successful with mental illness?
Spear’s Chiropractic Hospital
Theory of Reasoned Action
Perception + family/friends + beliefs = action
Communication is based on:
Speech, eye contact, body language, body contact, & language
Combination of open-ended and direct questioning
Funneling
Non-reversible deterioration of cognition and behavior
Dementia
Often reversible acute confusion that may fluctuate
Delirium
Mania & melancholy mood swings
Appears around 20 y/o
Tax: lithium, drug stabilizers, mood charting
Bipolar disorder
Causes hypo manic & mild depressive episodes
Cyclothymic disorder
Aka depression, hopelessness, suicidal
High incidence: Alzheimer’s, DM, Parkinson’s, heart, stroke CA
Unipolar disease
Major depressive is ___ weeks of ___ symptoms
2 weeks of 4 symptoms (loss of appetite, insomnia, agitation, worthlessness, suicidal, poor concentration)
2 years of at least 3 symptoms (loss of appetite, insomnia, agitation, worthlessness, suicidal, poor concentration)
Dysthymic disorder
Tx for depression and dysthymia
Personal therapy, drugs, ECT, nutrition
Tx for Seasonal Affective Disorder
Light, exercise, comfort foods
Episodic
Young adults are most commonly affected
Reality is altered
Delusion, hear voices, disorganized speech
Schizophrenia
Types of schizophrenia (x4)
- Disorganized: unpredictable mood shifts
- Catatonic: Rigid posture, flat affect, masked fancies
- Paranoid: delusions of persecution
- Schizophreniform: adolescent onset, family induced, contradictory messages
No regard for self or others (lacks empathy)
Strongly amoral conduct masked by ability to appear outwardly normal
Verbal therapy not effective
Psychopath
Believes they are superior, grandiose, lack remorse Shallow emotions Need stimulation Pathological liar Violent
Sociopath/antisocial
Multiple personalities
Childhood trauma
Can be short term event
Dissociative disorder
Physical complaint with no organic pathology, entirely unconscious
Somatoform disorders
Convinced of a body flaw (real or imagined) and preoccupied with it
Dysmorphic disorder
Food disorders
Anorexia: fear of fat
Bulimia: binge & purge (Barrett’s)
Pica: no nutritional value
Psychic conflict causing physical symptom
Conversion disorder
Preoccupation with personal health or contracting illness
Hypochondriac
Females under 30 (usually in adolescence)
Multiple systems
Confusing
Somatization disorder
Underlying emotional process
Pain often allows escape from responsibility
Somatoform pain disorder
Constant excessive fear
Hypervigilant
S/s: twitching, sweating, dry mouth, HA, stomach ache, urinary frequency
General anxiety disorder (GAD)
Occur with GAD, phobias, OCD, and/or PTSD
Panic attack
Types of phobias (x2)
- Social: provoked by people or performance issues
2. Specific: provoked by object or situation
Repetitive thoughts and repetitive actions
I.e. Cleaning, checking, repeating, hoarding, touching, etc.
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Fear and anxiety following an emotional event
Flashbacks, sleep disorders (common)
Fibromyalgia, MFS, RLS
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
In reality most of the time, hard on themselves
Low self esteem
Defense mechanisms are working overtime
To: support and enlighten
Neurosis
Likes abuse
Masochist
Inflicts abuse
Sadist
Enjoys watching (sexual disorders)
Voyeur
Enjoys showing (sexual disorders)
Exhibitionist
Individual exaggerates personal complaints
Münchausen syndrome
Caregiver inflicts harm on individual they care for
Munchausen by proxy
Preoccupation with ones owns thoughts Slow language development No smiling (6 mo's) No babble (12 mo's) Repeated phrases (24 mo's)
Autism
Impulsive pattern
Inattentive, often dyslexic
Poor focus & academics
ADD
Coping methods
Transfer one drive to opposite expression
Reaction formation
Coping methods
Act out emotion on someone else
Displacement
Coping methods
No feelings
Denial
Coping methods
Ignore feelings
Repression
Coping methods
Act younger
Regression
Coping methods
Give undesirable trait away, “blame game”
Projections
Coping methods
Excuse for behavior
Rationalize
Coping methods
Transfer emotions towards Doctor (parents, lovers, etc)
Transference
Coping methods
Replace socially unacceptable behavior with a more acceptable but similar one
Sublimation
Personality disorder Self love (me, myself and I)
Narcissism
Personality disorder
Feels inadequate, isolates
Avoidant
Personality disorder
Believes everyone is out to get them
Paranoid
Personality disorder
Afraid of a particular thing
Phobic
Personality disorder
Peculiar dress, magical thinking and beliefs
Schizotypal
Personality disorder
Overly dramatic, victim often, seductive
Histrionic
Analyze underlying issues
Psychotherapy
LIfe style change therapy
Vacation
In-patient, half-way house, etc
Milieu therapy
Therapy for severe depression
Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy (ECT)
Many different stimulus leads to the same response
Slow exposure
Generalization
Psychotherapy
Focused on self-actual inning and personal growth
Humanistic therapy
Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs - self actualization
Abraham MASLOW
Dream analysis
Free association, hypnotherapy
Unconscious entities: ID, EGO, SUPEREGO
Freud
ID:
EGO:
SUPEREGO:
ID: kid, unconscious primitive
EGO: reality, control
SUPEREGO: unconscious, conscience, guilt
Psychoanalysis
Student of Freud
Jung
Desensitization
Aversion, reinforcements, shaping
3 types
Behavior medicine (Aversion, Avoidance, Conditioning)
Associate behavior with negative consequences
Aversion behavioral medicine
Avoid person, place and things associated with behavior
Avoidance behavioral medicine
Subtypes: classical, modeling, and operant
Conditioning behavioral medicine
Classical Conditioning
Pavlov's dogs Unconditioned stimulus (food) and reflex (salivate) Conditioned stimulus (bell) and reflex (salivate) Stimulus and response are related
Modeling Conditioning
Environment
Influence
Video
Music
Operant Conditioning
Skinner "pay offs" To change behavior Stimulus and response are UNrelated Negative- fastest Positive- longest
Psychology tests: Standford Binet = WISC = MMPI = Rorschach = MMSE =
Standford Binet = IQ - adult WISC = IQ - kid MMPI = Personality Rorschach = Projective MMSE = memory and mental status
Fx: Voluntary motor
Frontal lobe & cerebellum
