ACS peds and geriatrics Flashcards by brandon nguyen

PEDS:
At what age does the anterior fontanelle typically close in a child?
A) 3 months
B) 2 years
C) 6 months
D) 1 year

B) 2 years

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At what age does the posterior fontanelle typically close in a child?
A) 3 months
B) 2 years
C) 6 months
D) 1 year

3 months

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What does a bulging fontanelle most likely indicate in an infant?
A) Dehydration
B) Vitamin K deficiency
C) Intracranial pressure
D) Hypoxia

C) Intracranial pressure

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Which milestone typically occurs around 12–18 months?
A) First food
B) Crawling
C) Unassisted walking
D) Talking with 10–15 words

C) Unassisted walking

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Which milestone typically occurs around 6-8 months?
A) First food
B) first teeth
C) Unassisted walking
D) Talking with 10–15 words

first teeth

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Which milestone typically occurs around 6 months ?
A) First food
B) Crawling
C) Unassisted walking
D) Talking with 10–15 words

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Which milestone typically occurs around 10-14 months?
A) First food
B) Crawling
C) assisted walking
D) unassisted walking

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talking happens at what month
A) 6 months
B) 7-10 days
C) 6-8 months
D) 10-15 words vocabulary at 18months

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the umbilical cord falls off in how many days
A) 6 months
B) 7-10 days
C) 6-8 months
D) 10-14 months

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What is meconium?
A) The first discharge from the intestine of a newborn
B) A cheesy substance on the baby’s skin
C) Fuzzy hair on baby skin
D) Discoloration of the buttocks

A) The first discharge from the intestine of a newborn first poop

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What is lanugo?
A) A premature infant complication
B) A score for assessing newborns
C) Fuzzy hair on baby skin
D) First stool after birth

C) Fuzzy hair on baby skin

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infant born between 26-37th weeks and weigh less than 2500g 55lb is what condition
A) botullism
B) vernix caseosa
C) premature
D) aspergers

premature

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Which condition is characterized by bluish, ill-defined patches on the buttocks or scrotal region?
A) Lanugo
B) Vernix caseosa
C) Mongolian spots
D) Meconium

Mongolian spots

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What is the most common cancer in children and in those with Down syndrome?
A) Marasmus
B) Fetal alcohol syndrome
C) Leukemia
D) Caput succedaneum

C) Leukemia

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What does the APGAR score evaluate?
A) Nutritional deficiency
B) Heart rate, respiratory rate, color, muscle tone, reflex activity
C) Signs of autism
D) Blood type compatibility

B) Heart rate, respiratory rate, color, muscle tone, reflex activity

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A depressed fontanelle in an infant is most likely a sign of:
A) Dehydration
B) Increased ICP
C) Vitamin K deficiency
D) Prematurity

A) Dehydration

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What condition presents with delayed growth, microcephaly(Microcephaly is a neurological condition where a baby’s head is significantly smaller than expected for their age and sex), and mental retardation due to maternal alcohol use?
A) Kwashiorkor
B) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
C) Erythroblastosis fetalis
D) Asperger’s syndrome

B) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

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a disorder on the autism spectrum (milder form)
A) Erythroblastosis Fetalis
B) aspergers syndrome
C) Caput succedaneum
D) Leukemia

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food poisoning produced by honey, corn syrup, and molasses in newborn
A) Erythroblastosis Fetalis
B) mercury poisoning
C) botulism
D) Leukemia

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Which condition involves hemolytic anemia due to Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus?
A) Erythroblastosis Fetalis
B) Phenylketonuria
C) Caput succedaneum
D) Leukemia

A) Erythroblastosis Fetalis

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What is the function of Vitamin K in newborns?
A) Enhances brain development
B) Prevents hemorrhage
C) Prevents infection
D) Promotes bone growth

B) Prevents hemorrhage

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What disorder results in a nonfunctioning phenylalanine enzyme and can lead to seizures and mental retardation?
A) Miliaria
B) Phenylketonuria (PKU)
C) Marasmus
D) Botulism

B) Phenylketonuria (PKU)

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What condition is characterized by unusual swelling of a newborn’s scalp, considered benign?
A) Lanugo
B) Caput Succedaneum
C) Miliaria
D) Enuresis

B) Caput Succedaneum

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similar to seborrheic dermaitis in adults
A) enuresis
B) kwashiorkor
C) milaria
D) cradle cap

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bedwetting A) enuresis B) kwashiorkor C) milaria D) cradle cap

protein malnutrition (ascites) A) marasmus B) leukemia C)kwashiorkor D) PKU

general malnutrition A) marasmus B) Vit k deficiency C) prickly heat D) milaria

_____leads to fetal suffocation A) Vitamin K B) prolapsed cord C) fetal aclohol syndrome D) prickley heat

prevents hemorrhage in newborns A) Milaria B) cradle cap C) PKU D) Vitamin k

What pediatric skin condition is caused by sweat glands and often referred to as "prickly heat"? A) Vit K deficiency B) Miliaria C) PKU D) Marasmus

B) Miliaria

What vitamin is given to prevent hemorrhage in newborns? A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin K C) Vitamin C D) Folic Acid

B) Vitamin K

What condition is described by the following? A mild disease in children & adults located in the parotid gland that can produce orchitis. A) Pertussis B) Mumps C) Chicken Pox D) Rubella

What condition is described by the following? Lasts 2 weeks and presents with a maculopapular rash and high fever. The most common serious complication is bronchopneumonia. Has a prodromal stage of coryza (runny nose) and koplic spots on the buccal mucosa A) Roseola Infantum B) Rubeola C) Diphtheria D) Scarlet Feve

B rubeola is a type of measles

. What condition is described by the following? A childhood disease characterized by a resonant barking cough; laryngeal spasm may have a membrane. A) Rubella B) Croup C) Pertussis D) Diphtheria

What condition is described by the following? 3-day measles; lasts a short time with a maculopapular rash and mild fever. Danger to the fetus in the 1st trimester because it may result in birth defects. A) Chicken Pox B) Rubella C) Rubeola D) Mumps

B aka german measeles

What condition is described by the following? Caused by Group A Strep Pyogenes. Results in desquamation (peeling) of the superficial layer of the skin, also associated with strawberry tongue and positive ASO titer. A) Scarlet Fever B) Pertussis C) Diphtheria D) Roseola Infantum

What condition is described by the following? Caused by Bordetella Pertussis. Most dangerous to infants under one year, and fatalities are due to bronchopneumonia (death by anoxia). A) Pertussis (Whooping Cough) B) Diphtheria C) Croup D) Mumps

What condition is described by the following? Caused by Corynebacterium Diphtheria. A gray pseudomembrane forms on the throat and is detected using the Schick test. A) Diphtheria B) Scarlet Fever C) Rubella D) Roseola Infantum

A) Diphtheria

What condition is described by the following? Rash starts on the trunk and goes to the extremities. The rash comes out when the fever breaks. Affects children less than 2 years of age. A) Roseola Infantum B) Chicken Pox C) Scarlet Fever D) Mumps

What reflex is described by the following? Established by stroking the corner of the mouth; the infant’s mouth will open and turn to the side that was touched. Most basic primitive reflex originating from the brain stem. A) Rooting Reflex B) Moro Reflex C) Perez Reflex D) Gallant Reflex

What reflex is described by the following? Elicited by placing a finger or nipple in the mouth of the newborn; stimulates oxytocin release. A) Perez Reflex B) Sucking Reflex C) Rooting Reflex D) Landau Reflex

B) Sucking Reflex

What reflex is described by the following? Arms and legs flare out to the side in response to loud sound and are then brought back into the body. Involved in sensory integrations. A) Tonic Neck Reflex B) Landau Reflex C) Perez Reflex D) Moro Reflex

What reflex is described by the following? When running a finger down the ipsilateral paraspinal muscles, the baby will contract to that side. A) Rooting Reflex B) Gallant Reflex C) Perez Reflex D) Moro Reflex

What reflex is described by the following? Dr rotates the head of a supine baby and the ipsilateral arm and leg extend while the contralateral arm and leg flex. A) Tonic Neck Reflex B) Moro Reflex C) Landau Reflex D) Rooting Reflex

A) Tonic Neck Reflex

What reflex is described by the following? The infant should attempt to raise the head and arch the back when placed in a prone position. A) Perez Reflex B) Gallant Reflex C) Landau Reflex D) Moro Reflex

C landau extends his invintation

What reflex is described by the following? While running a finger down the spine of the prone infant, the whole body will extend. A) Landau Reflex B) Gallant Reflex C) Moro Reflex D) Perez Reflex

What is the most common geriatric neuromuscular complaint? A) Diabetes Mellitus B) Presbycusis C) DJD D) Macular Degeneration

Answer: C) DJD

A grayish opaque ring around the cornea in the elderly is referred to as: A) Presbycusis B) Arcus Senilis C) Cataract D) Presbyopia

Answer: B) Arcus Senilis

What condition describes the loss of elasticity of the lens resulting in difficulty focusing on close objects? A) Presbycusis B) Macular Degeneration C) Arcus Senilis D) Presbyopia

Answer: D) Presbyopia

The inability to hear high frequencies is known as: A) Tinnitus B) Presbycusis C) Presbyopia D) Macular Degeneration

Answer: B) Presbycusis

Which condition is the most common endocrine malfunction in the elderly? A) Alzheimer’s Disease B) Diabetes Mellitus C) Iron Deficient Anemia D) DJD

Answer: B) Diabetes Mellitus

What is the most common anemia in geriatrics? A) Sickle Cell Anemia B) Iron Deficient Anemia C) Pernicious Anemia D) Aplastic Anemia

Answer: B) Iron Deficient Anemia

What condition is a bed sore that occurs most commonly over the sacrum and requires protein for healing? A) Decubitus Ulcer B) Fissure C) Fistula D) Abscess

Answer: A) Decubitus Ulcer

What is the most common fractured bone in the elderly? A) Humerus B) Radius C) Hip D) Tibia

Answer: C) Hip

The most common cause of blindness in the elderly due to visual problems is: A) Glaucoma B) Cataracts C) Macular Degeneration D) Presbyopia

Answer: C) Macular Degeneration

The most common type of dementia among the elderly, characterized by impaired thought, memory, and language, is: A) Parkinson’s Disease B) Alzheimer’s Disease C) Huntington’s Disease D) Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer: B) Alzheimer’s Disease

What term refers to the discriminatory treatment of elderly individuals? A) Sexism B) Classism C) Ableism D) Ageism

Answer: D) Ageism

Which tool is used to check for glaucoma by measuring increased intraocular pressure? A) PET Scan B) Tonometry C) Otoscope D) Fundoscope

Answer: B) Tonometry

What test measures blood volume, oxygen uptake transport, and metabolism, and is often used in brain imaging? A) EEG B) MRI C) PET D) CT

Answer: C) PET

Which condition is associated with chronic alcohol abuse and B1 (thiamin) deficiency? A) Alzheimer’s Disease B) Korsakoff Syndrome C) Parkinson’s Disease D) Huntington’s Disease

Answer: B) wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome

What penile malformation results in the urethra opening on the dorsum of the penis? A) Hypospadia B) Phimosis C) Priapism D) Epispadia

Answer: D) Epispadia

A birth defect in which the urethra opens on the ventral surface of the penis is called: A) Epispadia B) Hypospadia C) Paraphimosis D) Phimosis

Answer: B) Hypospadia

What condition involves the foreskin becoming entrapped behind the glans penis and may require emergency care? A) Epispadia B) Hypospadia C) Priapism D) Paraphimosis

Answer: D) Paraphimosis

A potentially painful condition in which an erect penis fails to return to a flaccid state is: A) Phimosis B) Paraphimosis C) Priapism D) Fistula

Answer: C) Priapism

An abnormal passage connecting two organs or an organ to the body surface is called a: A) Fistula B) Fissure C) Abscess D) Ulcer

Answer: A) Fistula

A small tear in the mucosa lining the anus is known as: A) Fistula B) Abscess C) Fissure D) Ulcer

Answer: C) Fissure

What is the term for a localized collection of pus that accumulates in tissue? A) Fissure B) Cyst C) Abscess D) Ulcer

Answer: C) Abscess

ACS peds and geriatrics Flashcards

(67 cards)