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Small Animal Anatomy > Actions, Origins, and Insertions > Flashcards

Actions, Origins, and Insertions Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

Parts: Superficial pectoral m.

A

descending and transverse pectoral mm.)

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2
Q

Superficial pectoral m

A

Origin: sternum
Termination: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border
Action: adduct the thoracic limb

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3
Q

Deep (ascending) pectoral m.

A

Origin: sternum.
Termination: greater and lesser tubercles of humerus.
Action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally.

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4
Q

Parts: Brachiocephalicus

A

Cleidobrachialis
Cleidocephalicus

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5
Q

Brachiocephalicus m.

A

Origin: clavicular intersection.
Termination:
cleidobrachialis: distal cranial humerus
cleidocephalicus:
mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone
cervical part: dorsal midline of neck
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

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6
Q

Omotransversarius m.

A

Origin: wing of the atlas
Termination: distal spine of the scapula
Action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally

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7
Q

Trapezius m.

A

Origin:
cervical part: dorsal neck
thoracic part: dorsal thorax
Termination: spine of the scapula
Action: elevate the thoracic limb

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8
Q

Parts: Rhomboideus

A

Rhomboideus throacis
Rhomboideus cervicis
Rhomboideus capitis

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9
Q

Rhomboideus m.

A

Origin:
rhomboideus thoracis: dorsal thorax
rhomboideus cervicis: dorsal neck
rhomboideus capitis: occipital bone
Termination: dorsal border of scapula and/or scapular cartilage
Action: elevate the thoracic limb

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10
Q

Parts: Serratus ventralis m.

A

Serratus ventralis cervicis
Serratus ventralis thoracis

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11
Q

Serratus ventralis m.

A

Origin:
serratus ventralis cervicis: cervical vertebrae
serratus ventralis thoracis: thoracic wall (ribs)
Termination: serrated face of scapula
Action: support and/or elevate the trunk

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12
Q

Latissimus dorsi m.

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
Termination: teres major tuberosity
Action: draw the thoracic limb caudally, flex or extend the humeral joint

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13
Q

Sternocephalicus m.

A

Origin: sternum
Termination:
mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone
occipital part: occipital bone
Action: depress head and neck; draw head and neck laterally

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14
Q

Sternohyoideus m.

A

Origin: sternum
Termination: basihyoid bone
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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15
Q

Sternothyroideus m.

A

Origin: cranial aspect of sternum
Termination: thyroid cartilage
Action: pull tongue and larynx caudally

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16
Q

Deltoideus m.

A

Origin: spine of scapula and acromion
Termination: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint

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17
Q

Supraspinatus m.

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: extend the humeral joint

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18
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint; abduct the limb at the humeral joint

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19
Q

Teres minor m.

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Termination: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint

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20
Q

Subscapularis m.

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Termination: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: adduct limb at humeral joint

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21
Q

Teres major m

A

Origin: caudal border of scapula
Termination: teres major tuberosity of humerus
Action: flex the humeral joint

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22
Q

Coracobrachialis m.

A

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Termination: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: adduct limb at shoulder

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23
Q

Biceps brachii m

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Termination: radial and ulnar tuberosities
Action: flex the cubital joint and extend the humeral joint

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24
Q

Brachialis m

A

Origin: brachial groove of humerus
Termination: proximal radius and/or ulna
Action: flex the cubital joint

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25
Parts: Triceps brachii m
long, medial, and lateral heads in all species - carnivores also have an accessory head
26
Triceps brachii m.
Origin: caudal border of scapula (long head); proximal humerus (other heads) Termination: tuber olecrani Action: extend the cubital joint (all heads); flex the humeral joint (long head)
27
Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.
Origin: latissimus dorsi and fascia on caudal border of scapula Termination: tuber olecrani Action: extend the cubital joint (and tense the deep antebrachial fascia)
28
Anconeus m.
Origin: caudal aspect of the distal humerus Termination: tuber olecrani Action: extend the cubital joint
29
Extensor carpi radialis m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus (and its crest) Termination: dorsal base of second and third metacarpal bones Action: extend the carpal joints
30
Common digital extensor m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Termination: extensor processes of the distal phalanges Action: extend the carpal and digital joints
31
Lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Termination: distal phalanges (also the proximal and/or middle phalanges) of lateral digit(s) Action: extend the carpal joints and the digital joints of the lateral most digits
32
Extensor carpi ulnaris m. (ulnaris lateralis m.)
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Termination: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of fifth metacarpal bone Action: flex the carpal joints; abduct the manus
33
Supinator m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Termination: body of radius Action: supination of the manus
34
Abductor pollicis longus m.
Origin: proximal antebrachium (ulna) Termination: medial metacarpus Action: abduct the first digit
35
Brachioradialis m.
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Termination: fascia near the carpus Action: flexes the cubital joint and supinates the manus
36
Flexor carpi radialis m
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Termination: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3 Action: flex the carpal joints
37
Parts: Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
2 heads: humeral and ulnar
38
Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
Origin: medial epicondyle and olecranon Termination: accessory carpal bone Action: flex the carpal joints
39
Superficial digital flexor m.
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Termination: middle phalanges of the digits (palmar aspects) Action: flex the carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
40
Parts: Deep digital flexor m.
3 heads: humeral, radial, ulnar
41
Deep digital flexor m.
Origin: humerus (medial epicondyle), radius, ulna. (The radial head may be absent in eq.) Termination: flexor tubercles of distal phalanges Action: flex the carpal and digital joints
42
Pronator teres m.
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Termination: medial body of radius Action: pronation of the manus
43
Pronator quadratus m.
Attachments: apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna Action: pronation of the manus
44
Tensor fasciae latae m.
Origin: tuber coxae. Termination: fascia lata Action: tense the fascia lata (flex the coxal joint and extend the genual joint).
45
Superficial gluteal m.
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament Termination: third trochanter of the femur Action: abduct the limb (may have a minor extensor action on the coxal joint)
46
Middle gluteal m.
Origin: gluteal surface of the ilium Termination: greater trochanter of the femur. Action: extend the coxal joint; abduct the limb.
47
Piriformis m.
Origin: sacrum and first caudal vertebra Termination: greater trochanter Action: extend the coxal joint
48
Deep gluteal m.
Origin: body of ilium and ischiatic spine Termination: greater trochanter (deep to the middle gluteal m.) Action: abduct the limb and extend the coxal joint
49
External obturator m.
Origin: ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen Termination: trochanteric fossa Action: adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
50
Internal obturator m.
Origin: dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen Termination: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
51
Gemelli mm.
Origin: lateral aspect of ischium Termination: trochanteric fossa Action: rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint
52
Quadratus femoris m.
Origin: ventral aspect of ischium Termination: caudal femur near the trochanteric fossa Action: extend coxal joint; adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint.
53
Biceps femoris m.
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament Termination: patella, tibia, and tuber calcanei Action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
54
Semitendinosus m.
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity Termination: tibia and tuber calcanei Action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
55
Semimembranosus m.
Origin: on or near the ischiatic tuberosity Termination: distal femur and proximal tibia Action: extend coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint
56
Parts: Sartorius m.
has cranial and caudal bellies in the dog only
57
Sartorius m.
Origin: crest of ilium Termination: medial aspect of the genual region Action: flex the coxal joint, extend (cr.) or flex (cd.) the genual joint
58
Gracilis m.
Origin: pelvic symphysis Termination: medial aspect of the genual region and tuber calcanei Action: adduct the limb, extend the coxal joint; flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
59
Pectineus m.
Origin: iliopubic eminence (prepubic tendon and cranial border of pubis) Termination: distal body of femur Action: adduct the limb
60
Adductor m.
Origin: ventral surface of os coxae Termination: caudal surface of femur Action: adduct the limb and extend the coxal joint
61
Parts: Quadriceps femoris m.
four heads: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis
62
Quadriceps femoris m.
Origin: rectus femoris, ilium; other three heads, proximal femur Termination: tibial tuberosity Action: flex the coxal joint (rectus femoris); extend the genual joint (all heads)
63
Parts: Iliopsoas m.
iliacus m. + psoas major m.
64
Iliopsoas m.
Origin: ilium (iliacus) and lumbar vertebrae (psoas major). Termination: lesser trochanter Action: flex the coxal joint
65
Cranial tibial m.
Origin: lateral aspect of proximal tibia Termination: plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2 Action: flex the tarsocrural joint and rotate paw laterally
66
Long digital extensor m.
Origin: extensor fossa of femur Termination: extensor processes of the distal phalanges Action: extend the genual joint; flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints
67
Lateral digital extensor m.
Origin: on and near the proximal aspect of the fibula Termination: lateral digits Action: flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints of the lateral most digits
68
Fibularis longus m. (peroneus longus m.)
Origin: on or near lateral collateral ligament of the genual joint Termination: fourth tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsal bones Action: flex the tarsocrural joint and rotate the paw medially
69
Parts: Gastrocnemius m
medial and lateral heads
70
Gastrocnemius m.
Origin: distal caudal femur Termination: tuber calcanei of the calcaneus Action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint
71
Superficial digital flexor m.
Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur Termination: tuber calcanei and bases of middle phalanges Action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
72
Parts: Deep digital flexor m.
lateral and medial heads
73
Deep digital flexor m.
Origin: proximal caudal aspect of the tibia and fibula Termination: flexor tubercle of distal phalanges Action: extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the digital joints
74
Popliteus m.
Origin: popliteal fossa of the femur Termination: proximal caudal aspect of tibia Action: flex the genual joint
75
Scalenus m.
Attaches: first ribs and transverse processes of cervical vertebrae Action: Inspiration, pulls ribs cranially
76
Parts: Serratus ventralis m.
cervicis and thoracis
77
Serratus ventralis m.
Origin: neck and trunk Termination: serrated face of the scapula Action: inspiration, move thoracic limb cranially
78
Parts: Serratus dorsalis m.
Cranialis and Caudalis
79
Serratus dorsalis m.
Origin: raphe of neck and thoracic and lumbar spine Termination: proximal ribs (caudalis: last three ribs) Action: Cranialis: inspiration, lifts ribs. Caudalis: expiration
80
External intercostal m.
Origin: Caudal border of one rib Termination: cranial border of the rib behind (runs caudoventrally) Action: Draw ribs together during respiration
81
Internal intercostal m.
Origin: Cranial border of a rib Termination: Caudal border of the rib in front (run cranioventrally) Action:Draw ribs together during respiration
82
External abdominal oblique m.
Origin: costal- last ribs. lumbar- last rib and thoracolumbar fascia Termination: linea alba Action: compression of abdominal viscera
83
Internal abdominal oblique m.
Origin: thoracolumbar fascia and tuber coxae Termination: rectus abdominus and linea alba Action: Compression of abdominal viscera
84
Transversus abdominis m.
Origin: medial surface of the last 4-5 ribs and thoracolumbar fascia Termination: linea alba Action: compression of abdominal viscera
85
Rectus abdominis m.
Origin: prepubic tendon Termination: sternum Action: flexes thoracolumbar vertebral column
86
Iliocostalis lumborum m.
Origin: wing of ilium Termination: transverse process of lumbar vertebrae and last 4-5 ribs Action: extend and contract spine
87
Iliocostalis thoracis m.
Origin: 12th rib Termination: transverse process of 7th cervical vertebra Action: Extend and contract spine
88
Parts: Longissimus m.
thoracolumbar, cervical, and capital
89
Longissimus thoracis et lumborum m.
Origin: ilium wings and supraspinous ligament and spines of lumbothoracic vertebrae Termination: Inserts on ribs and seventh cervical vertebrae Action:
90
Longissimus cervicis m.
Origin: Termination: transverse processes of the last cervical vertebrae Action:
91
Longissimus capitis m.
Origin: first three thoracic vertebrae Termination: mastoid and temporal bone Action:
92
Splenius m.
Origin: cranial border of the thoracolumbar fascia, spines of first three thoracic vertebrae, median raphe of neck Termination: nuchal crest and mastoid part of temporal bone Action:
93
Semispinalis capitis m.
Origin: thoracic vertebrae Termination: head Parts: biventer cervicis and complexus
94
Nuchal ligament
Origin: tip of spinous process of first thoracic vertebra Termination: broad caudal end of the spine of the axis Action: lift head
95
Supraspinous ligament
extends the nuchal ligament caudally

Small Animal Anatomy (18 decks)

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