ACTIVITY 3

Question 1

Are majority of protists MOTILE or NON-MOTILE? & why

Answer 1

MOTILE - flagella, pseudopodia, and cilia

Question 2

Are protists metabolically diverse?

Answer 2

Yes but much less than prokaryotes

Question 3

NUTRITION ability of prokaryotes

Answer 3

heterotrophic and photosynthetic (autotrophic)

Question 4

Do majority of protists undergo SEXUAL or ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION?

Answer 4

sexual reproduction

Question 5

Life cycles of protists may be….

Answer 5

1. haplontic
2. diplontic
3. diplohaplontic

Question 6

DIFFERENTIATE:

1. Haplontic (1)
2. Diplontic (2)
3. Diplohaplontic

Answer 6

1. zygotic meiosis forms 4 HAPLOID daughter cells
2. gametic meiosis forms HAPLOID GAMETES that fuse intro DIPLOID ZYGOTE
3. sporic meiosis with alternating HAPLOID and DIPLOID adult forms

Question 7

What group is believed to be the source of the ancestors of other eukaryotic kingdoms?

Answer 7

Protista

Question 8

Phylogenetic Groups of PROTISTS (6)

and which of the following are AUTOTROPHIC & HETEROTROPHIC

Answer 8

1. Euglenoids - A
2. Alveolates - H
3. Stramenopiles - A
4. Rhodophytes - A
5. Chlorophytes - A
6. Mycetozoans - A

+ Rhizopoda - H

Question 9

DIVISION vs PHYLA

Answer 9

SAME THING but…

Division - Autotrophic
Phyla - Heterotrophic

Question 10

EUGLENOIDS
- locomotion
- unique characteristic

Answer 10

• motile (flagella)
• lack cell wall (have pellicle instead)

Question 11

Most common genera in EUGLENOIDS

Answer 11

Euglena

Question 12

EUGLENOIDS

organelle for sensing light

Answer 12

eyespot or stigma

Question 13

EUGLENOIDS

chloroplast pigments

Answer 13

chlorophyll a and b

Question 14

EUGLENOIDS

stores food in the form of _____ found in ______

Answer 14

paramylon

paramylum bodies

Question 15

EUGLENOIDS

thin, firm. pliable membrane that covers the outer part of the cell

Answer 15

pellicle

Question 16

EUGLENOIDS

how many flagella?

Answer 16

2

Question 17

EUGLENOIDS

mode of reproduction

Answer 17

longitudinal fission

Question 18

Is Alveolates a Phylum?

Answer 18

No, they are a CLADE + (also not a group i think)

Question 19

3 GROUPS of PROTISTS under ALVEOLATES

and unique characteristic for each

Answer 19

1. ciliates - has cilia for locomotion
2. apicomplexans - has apical complex for locomotion
3. dinoflagellates - both autotrophic and heterotrophic

Question 20

ALVEOLATES

distinguishing feature

Answer 20

ALVEOLI - small membrane bounded cavities beneath cell surfaces

Question 21

PHYLUM (1) under Alveolates + example species

• distinguishing feature (3)
• mode of reproduction
• exchange of genetic material

Answer 21

PHYLUM CILIOPHORA - Paramecium

• cilia and 2 nuclei (macronucleus and micronucleus)
• transverse fission
• conjugation

Question 22

CILIA

• definition
• function (2)

Answer 22

• outgrowths of protoplasm
• locomotion and feeding

Question 23

Are Stramenopiles a division?

Answer 23

No, they are a GROUP

Question 24

STRAMENOPILES

distinguishing feature

Answer 24

fine, hair-like projections on one flagella

Question 25

STRAMENOPILES 2 examples under this and MAIN DIFFERENCE

Answer 25

oomycetes & heterokont algae *still not a division, only a class/group - oomycetes: pantay flagella; ang heterokont: not

Question 26

STRAMENOPILES---OOMYCETES - nutrition - most common example - composition of cell wall - unicellular or multicellular

Answer 26

- heterotrophic (feeds of decaying matter) - water molds - cellulose - some are unicellular, some have hyphae

Question 27

3 DIVISIONS of Stramenopiles and what class are they under?

Answer 27

1. Division Chrysophyta (golden algae) 2. Division Bacillariophyta (diatoms) 3. Division Phaeophyta (brown algae) *all under heterokont algae

Question 28

STRAMENOPILES---Division Bacillariophyta - most common example - color - life cycle - cell wall compositon - IMPORTANT PARTS (4)

Answer 28

- Navicula (diatom) - golden brown - diplontic - silica & pectin - epitheca & hypotheca (girdle view--side) , striae & raphe (valve view--front/back)

Question 29

STRAMENOPILES---Division Phaeophyta - most common example - life cycle - asexual reproduction - IMPORTANT PARTS (4)

Answer 29

- Sargassum - diplontic - fragmentation - holdfast (for anchorage); blade (leaves); air bladder (spheres); stipes (holds the blades)

Question 30

Is Rhodophyta a division?

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

RHODOPHYTES - how is it observed - common name - photosynthetic pigment (2) - main example

Answer 31

- macroscopic and unicellular - red algae - chlorophyll a and d - Galaxaura

Question 32

RHODOPHYTES---Galaxaura - life cycle - branching pattern

Answer 32

- diplohaplontic - dichotomous

Question 33

Is Chlorophyta a division?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

CHLOROPHYTES - common name - form (4) - photosynthetic pigments (4) - unique characteristic: stores _______ - 2 most common examples - IMPORTANT PARTS (1) and (3)

Answer 34

- green algae - unicellular, filamentous, collonial, thalloid - chlorophyll a and b, carotenes, xantophylls - store starch - Volvox & Spirogyra VOLVOX - gonidia SPIROGYRA - chloroplasts, pyrenoids, unbranched filaments

Question 35

Are MYCETOZOANS a division?

Answer 35

No, it's a group

Question 36

MYCETOZOANS - 2 common examples - ploidy level - flagellated or not - 1 common division and its example + IMPORTANT PARTS (2)

Answer 36

- slime molds and plasmodial slime molds - haploid - flagellated - Division Myxomycota - Physarum (sporangium & sporangiophore)

Question 37

2 groups that DO NOT belong to the 6 phylogenetic groups and most common example of such

Answer 37

1. Phylum Rhizopoda 2. Foraminifera AMOEBA (phylum Rhizopods)

Question 38

OTHER PROTISTS--- AMOEBA - form - structure - 2 distinct regions - locomotion

Answer 38

- unicellular - jelly-like - ectoplasm and endoplasm - pseudopodia

Question 39

What are temporary cytoplasm extensions used for locomotion?

Answer 39

pseudopodia