Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral pathology > acute and chronic ulcerative lesions 1 > Flashcards

acute and chronic ulcerative lesions 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anesthetic necrosis category

A

injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anesthetic necrosis etiology

A
  • necrosis secondary to administration of local anesthetic
  • may result from ischemia or faulty technique
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anesthetic necrosis demographics

A

patients who recently received oral local anesthetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anesthetic necrosis clinical presentation

A
  • well circumscribed ulcer at site of previous injection
  • hard palate most common site
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

anesthetic necrosis diagnosis

A

clinical diagnosis based on history of recent local anesthetic injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anesthetic necrosis tx

A

heals over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia category

A

injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia etiology

A

ischemia of salivary tissue leads to local infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia demographics

A

predisposing factors:
- trauma
- dental injections
- ill-fitting dentures
- eating disorders with binge-puringing
- upper respiratory tract infection

remember injury category

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia clinical presentation

A
  • most cases on hard palate
  • nonulcerated, painful swelling initially
  • within 2-3 weeks, a crater-like ulcer forms and pain is reduced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia diagnosis

A

biopsy (a malignant process must be excluded)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

necrotizing sialometaplasia tx

A

heals in 5-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis category

A

infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis etiology

A

initial infection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis demographics

A
  • usually in children 6 months to 6 years
  • can occur in adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis clinical presentation

A
  • acute onset
  • may have fever and lymphadenopathy
  • multiple small vesicles progress to ulceration of oral mucosa, lips and perioral skin
  • painful, erythematous gingiva
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • viral culture (slow) or PCR
  • cytologic smear (least invasive, most cost effective)
  • biopsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis tx

A
  • lesions heal spontaneously in 2 weeks
  • symptomatic relief (NSAIDs, lidocaine rinse)
  • antiviral (should be administered during day 2 or 3 for best effect)
  • HSV-1 remains latent in the trigeminal ganglion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cytologic smear steps

A
  • lightly moisten tongue depressor with water
  • gently remove cells (scrape) area
  • spread accumulated cells on microscope slide
  • spray slide lightly with fixative
  • submit to pathologist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis antiviral prescriptions

A
  1. Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 1 g
    disp: 14 tabs
    sig: 1 tab every 12h until finished
  2. Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400 mg
    disp: 21 tabs
    sig: 1 tab three times a day until finished
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

recurrent herpes labialis category

A

infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

recurrent herpes labialis etiology

A
  • reactivation of HSV-1
  • can recur multiple times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

recurrent herpes labialis risk factors

A
  • advanced age
  • UV light
  • physical/emotional stress
  • dental treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

recurrent herpes labialis demographics

A

worldwide prevalence of HSV-1 is 67% in individuals under 50

25
Q

recurrent herpes labialis clinical presentation

A
  • may experience prodrome 6-24 hrs before lesions appear
    —> pain, burning, itching, tingling, localized warmth, erythema
  • multiple, small, erythematous papules form clusters of fluid-filled vesicles
  • affects vermillion border and skin adjacent to lips
26
Q

recurrent herpes labialis diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • viral culture (slow) or PCR
  • cytologic smear
  • biopsy
27
Q

recurrent herpes labialis tx

A
  • antivirals
  • heals in 7-10 days
28
Q

recurrent herpes labialis when should the antivirals be taken

A

must be taken at earliest prodromal symptom

29
Q

recurrent herpes labialis antiviral prescriptions

A
  1. Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 500 mgs
    Disp: 7 tabs
    Sig: Take 4 initially, 2 at 12 hrs, then 1 at 24 hrs
  2. Acyclovir (Zovirax) 800 mg
    Disp: 6 tabs
    Sig: take 3 initially, then 2 at 12 hrs, then 1 at 24 hrs
30
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex category

A

infectious

31
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex etiology

A
  • reactivation of HSV-1
32
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex risk factors

A
  • advanced age
  • UV light
  • physical/emotional stress
  • dental treatment
33
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex clinical presentation

A
  • affects keratinized mucosa bound to bone (attached gingiva, hard palate)
  • small vesicles that collapse to form cluster of erythematous macules
34
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • viral culture (slow) or PCR
  • cytologic smear
  • biopsy
35
Q

recurrent intraoral herpes simplex treatment

A
  • antiviral (same as recurrent herpes labialis)
  • heals in 7-10 days
36
Q

herpes zoster is aka

A

shingles

37
Q

herpes zoster category

A

infectious

38
Q

herpes zoster etiology

A
  • reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus (HHV-3)
  • recurs once
39
Q

herpes zoster demographics

A
  • incidence increases with age
  • immunosuppression increases susceptibility
40
Q

herpes zoster clinical presentation

A
  • prodrome: severe neuralgia (with or without fever, malaise, and headache)
  • acute: clusters of vesicles with erythematous base, terminate at midline
  • chronic: postherpetic neuralgia (15% of patients)
  • pain and lesions tend to occur alone one dermatome
41
Q

herpes zoster diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • viral culture (slow) or PCR
  • cytologic smear
  • biopsy
42
Q

herpes zoster treatment

A
  • antiviral (within 3 days of onset)
  • symptomatic relief (NAIDs, diphenhydramine, gabapentin, steroids)
43
Q

herpes zoster prevention

A

shingrix vaccine recommended for adults 50 years and older

44
Q

herpes zoster antiviral prescriptions

A
  1. Valacyclovir (Valtrex) 500 mg
    Disp: 42 tabs
    Sig: 2 tabs three times a day until finished
  2. Acyclovir (Zovirax) 400 mg
    Disp: 70 tabs
    Sig: 2 tabs five times daily until finished
45
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease category

A

infectious

46
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease etiology

A

enterovirus infectious

47
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease demographics

A

most common in children

48
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease clinical presentation

A
  1. oral lesions arise first
    - multiple apthous-like ulcerations
    - buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, and tongue most common
  2. cutaneous lesions
    - erythematous macules become vesivles
    - primarily affects hands and feet
49
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • PCR confirmation if necessary
50
Q

hand-foot-and-mouth disease tx

A

self-limiting (no tx necessary)

51
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis category

A

infectious

52
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis etiology

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum (and other bacteria)

53
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis demographics

A

most frequent among young and middle-aged adults

54
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis risk factors

A
  • psychologic stress
  • immunosuppression
  • smoking
  • local trauma
  • poor nutritional status
  • poor oral hygiene
  • inadequate sleep
  • recent illness
55
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis clinical presentation

A
  • interdental papillae blunted, inflamed, edematous, and hemorrhagic
  • “punched out” craterlike necrosis covered with gray pseudomembrane
  • fetid odor
  • severe pain
  • may be accompanied by lymphadenopathy, fever, and malaise
56
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis diagnosis

A

clinical diagnosis

57
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis tx

A
  • scaling, curettage, or ultrasonic instrumentation
  • chlorhexidine rinse
  • antibiotics if lymphadenopathy or fever present
  • evaluation for underlying cause of immunosuppression (HIV)
58
Q
A

Oral pathology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions