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Oral pathology > soft tissue masses 3 > Flashcards

soft tissue masses 3 Flashcards

1
Q

fordyce granules category

A

developmental

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2
Q

fordyce granules demographics

A

present in over 80% of the population

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2
Q

fordyce granules etiology

A

ectopic sebaceous glands

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3
Q

fordyce granules clinical presentation

A
  • multiple yellow-white papules
  • buccal mucosa and vermillion of the upper lip most common
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4
Q

fordyce granules diagnosis

A

clinical diagnosis

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5
Q

fordyce granules treatment

A

no treatment (variation of normal)

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6
Q

varix/varicosities category

A

developmental

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7
Q

varix/varicosities etiology

A
  • superficial dilated and tortuous veins
  • weakening of blood vessel walls and loss of tone in supporting connective tissues
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8
Q

varix/varicosities demographics

A
  • rare in children
  • occurs in 2/3rds of people over 60
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9
Q

varix/varicosities clinical presentation

A
  • blue/purple nodules
  • may be solitary or multiple
  • common on ventral and lateral surfaces of the tongue
  • common on lips or buccal mucosa
  • can become thrombosed (firm)
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10
Q

varix/varicosities diagnosis

A
  • usually a clinical diagnosis can be made
  • biopsy for solitary varicosities of the lip and buccal mucosa may be indicated
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11
Q

varix/varicosities tx

A

no treatment needed

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12
Q

gingival cyst of the adult category

A

developmental

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13
Q

gingival cyst of the adult etiology

A
  • derived from rests of dental lamina
  • soft tissue counterpart of lateral periodontal cyst
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14
Q

gingival cyst of the adult demographics

A

adults

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15
Q

gingival cyst of the adult clinical presentation

A
  • painless, domelike swellings
  • bluish/gray color
  • may cause “cupping out” of alveolar bone
  • predilection for mandibular canine and premolar area
  • always on facial gingiva/alveolar mucosa
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16
Q

gingival cyst of the adult diagnosis

A

biopsy

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17
Q

gingival cyst of the adult treatment

A

excisional biopsy

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18
Q

epidermoid cyst category

A

developmental

19
Q

epidermoid cyst etiology

A

keratin-filled cyst arising from hair follicle

20
Q

epidermoid cyst demographics

A

unusual before puberty

21
Q

epidermoid cyst clinical presentation

A
  • nodular, fluctuant subcutaneous lesion
  • white or yellow (red if inflamed)
  • common in acne-prone areas of head, neck and back
  • NOT found intraorally
22
Q

epidermoid cyst diagnosis

A

biopsy

23
Q

epidermoid cyst tx

A

excisional biopsy

24
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst category

A

developmental

25
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst etiology

A

occlusion and dilation of a crypt of lymphoid tissue

26
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst demographics

A

most common in young adults

27
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst clinical presentation

A
  • small submucosal mass
  • firm or soft palpation
  • typically white or yellow
28
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst common locations

A
  • floor of mouth
  • ventral tongue
  • posterior lateral border of tongue
  • palatine tonsil
  • soft palate
29
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • biopsy
30
Q

lymphoepithelial cyst tx

A
  • do nothing
  • excisional biopsy
31
Q

lingual thyroid category

A

developmental

32
Q

lingual thyroid etiology

A
  • ectopic thyroid tissue
  • failure of thyroid bud to descend normally into neck
33
Q

lingual thyroid demographics

A

most common in females

34
Q

lingual thyroid clinical presentation

A
  • nodular mass on the post. dorsal tongue
  • may be accompanied by dysphagia, dysphonia, and dyspnea
  • 72% accompanied by hypothyroidism
35
Q

lingual thyroid diagnosis

A
  • thyroid scan
  • avoid biopsy (risk of hemorrhage and may be patient’s only functioning thyroid tissue)
36
Q

lingual thyroid tx

A
  • follow up
  • hormone therapy if necessary (may reduce size of symptomatic lesions)
37
Q

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) category

A

developmental

38
Q

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) etiology

A
  • RET gene mutation
  • autosomal dominant inheritance pattern
39
Q

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) clinical presentation

A
  • mucosal neuromas (often 1st sign)
    –> tend to involve oral cavity
    –> soft, painless papules or nodules
    –> primarily on lips and ant. tongue
    –> also seen on buccal mucosa, gingiva, and palate
  • medullary thyroid carcinoma
  • pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)
40
Q

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) diagnosis

A
  • biopsy of oral lesions
  • genetic testing
41
Q

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) tx

A
  • preventative thyroidectomy
  • observation for development of pheochromocytoma
42
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) category

A

developmental

43
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) etiology

A
  • NF1 gene mutation
  • autosomal dominant inheritance pattern
44
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) clinical presentation

A
  • multiple neurofibromas of skin and mucosa
    –> potential to become malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
  • café au lait macules (light brown skin pigmentations)
  • axillary and inguinal freckling
  • Lisch nodules (pigmentary defects of iris)
45
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) diagnosis

A
  • biopsy
  • genetic testing
46
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) tx

A
  • cosmetic excision of neurofibromas (if possible)
  • monitoring for signs of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Oral pathology (7 decks)

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