Acute Coronary Syndromes Flashcards
(20 cards)
Main cause of an MI
Atherosclerosis
Causes of MI
Atherosclerosis,
Coronary vasospasms (due to cocaine or 5-FU),
Inflammation of coronary arteries (vasculitis),
Radiotherapy to chest
Cardiac biomarkers
TROPONIN,
Myoglobin,
CK_MB
Right coronary artery supplies what part of the heart?
Inferior heart
Left anterior descending coronary artery supplies which part of the heart?
Anterior
Circumflex artery supplies which part of the heart?
Lateral
Symptoms of MI?
Crushing chest pain, Pain radiated to left jaw and arm, SOB, Tachycardia, N/v, Heartburn, Dizziness, Fatigue
Initial treatment of MI
Cath lab for primary percutaneous cornonary intervention or thrombolysis
Thrombolysis agents used?
Tenecteplase,
Alteplase,
Streptokinase
Discharge after MI treatment?
Antiplatelet,
ACE inhibitor
bblockers,
statins
Contraindications for thrombolysis
Intracranial haemorrhage, Stroke within 3 months, Head injury within 3 months, Brain tumours, Pregnancy, Sever hypertension, Major surgery in past 3 weeks, Internal bleeding in past 2-4 weeks, Trauma, Active peptic ulcer
ECG appearance in STEMI
ST elevation
ECG appearance in NSTEMI
ST depression or
T inversion
Patterns of infarct?
Transmural- all of myocardial wall
Subendocardial- <50% of myocardial wall
Investigations for MI?
ECG,
CXR,
Bloods- cardiac biomarkers,
Angiography
What other conditions can raise troponin?
PE,
sepsis,
renal failure,
subarachnoid haemorrhage
Signs of MI?
RIP
Raised JVP,
Increased pulse
Pallor
Complications of MI?
C PEAR DROP
Cardiogenic shock
Pericarditis
Emboli
Aneurysm,
Rupture of ventricle
Dressler’s syndrome,
Rupture of free wall
Papillary muscle rupture
Risk factors for MI?
Male, advanced age, heart disease, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoker, FH of heart disease
What is Dressler’s syndrome?
Autoimmune pericarditis that can develop 2-10 weeks post MI.
Triad of- fever, pleuritic pain, pericardial effusion
