Acute Inflammation 2 Flashcards
(48 cards)
What is the name of inflammation at the peritoneal cavity?
Peritonitis
What is the name of inflammation at the meninges?
Meningitis
What is the name of inflammation at the appendix?
Appendicitis
What is the name of inflammation at the lungs?
Pneumonia
What is the name of inflammation at the pleural cavity?
Pleurisy
Neutrophils are ______ phagocytes.
Mobile
What do neutrophils do when they recognise a foreign agent?
Move towards it (chemotaxis)
Adhere to organism
What do neutrophil granules contain?
Oxidants and enzymes.
What happens when neutrophils release their granule content?
Phagocytose and destroy foreign agent. They also die.
What happens when neutrophils die?
They produce a ‘soup’ of fluid filled with bits of cell, organisms, endogenous proteins (pus) which can extend into other tissues and progress the inflammation.
What are the 2 plasma proteins involved in inflammation?
Fibrinogen
Immunoglobulins
What is the role of fibrinogen in inflammation?
Forms fibrin and clots exudate. Localises inflammatory process.
What is the role of immunoglobulins in inflammation?
Humoural immune response.
Where are the 3 mediator molecules of acute inflammation found?
Endothelial cell surface
Released from cells
In the plasma
What are the 5 collective effects of mediators?
Vasodilation Increased permeability Neutrophil adhesion Chemotaxis Itch and pain
What do ICAM-1 mediators help neutrophils do?
Adhere
What do P-selectin mediators do?
Interact with neutrophil surface.
What are the 2 main mediators released from cells?
Histamine Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)
What are the 4 enzyme cascades in plasma?
Blood coagulation pathway
Fibrinolysis
Kinin system
Complement cascade
What does the blood coagulation pathway do?
Clots fibrinogen in exudate
What does fibrinolysis do?
Breaks down fibrin to maintain blood supply.
What does the kinin system do?
Initiates pain
What does the complement cascade do?
Stimulates increased permeability, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cell breakdown.
What do mediators do relative to the body’s needs?
Favours and inhibits acute inflammation.
