ACVIM Consensus 2014-2019

Question 1

Strangles - year and first author

Answer 1

2018. Boyle

Question 2

Reportable in USA

Answer 2

2017

Question 3

Streptococcus Equi subs Equi clinical signs

Answer 3

Young > old.
Fever develops 3-14 days post exposure.
Pharyngitis - submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph node abscessation.

Question 4

Horses with strangles are at risk of

Answer 4

Respiratory distress
Neuropraxia
Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage
“Bastard strangles”
Pneumonia

Question 5

Pathogenesis

Answer 5

Mouth/nose - crypts of lingual and palatine tonsils - follicular associated epithelium of the pharyngeal and tubal tonsils - translocation - mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes

Question 6

Strep Equi pathogenesis

Answer 6

Avoids neutrophil phagocytosis: hyaluronic acid capsule, anti-phagocytic SeM protein, H-factor binding Se 18.9, Mac protein and other.

Question 7

How to dispose of Strep equi bacteria

Answer 7

Lance the abscess capsule and clean.

Question 8

When does nasal shedding start and stop

Answer 8

Start 2-3 days post-pyrexia.
2-3 weeks duration.

Question 9

Immunity and reinfection

Answer 9

Without antibiotics - 75% develop long term immunity.
20 - 25% susceptible to reinfection within months.

Question 10

Control

Answer 10

1. Shedding 1-2 days post-pyrexia: ISOLATE WHEN PYREXIC
2. Nasal shedding 2-3 weeks.
3. Infectious app 6 weeks after purulent discharge stopped
4. Persistent guttural infection - intermittent shedding for years