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ALTERED PHYS mid1 > Adaptive Immunity > Flashcards

Adaptive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the identity marker found on cell membranes?

A

antigen

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2
Q

The most immunogenic antigens are what size?

A

large

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3
Q

Does an antigen’s chemical makeup have to be simple or diverse to initiate a response?

A

diverse

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4
Q

What is the name for antigens that are too small but when combined it produces a response?

A

haptens

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5
Q

What is the specific part of the antigen that is recognized?

A

epitopes

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6
Q

What is another name for antibodies?

A

immunoglobulin

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7
Q

Where are T cells made before birth?

A

thyMUS

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8
Q

Where are B cells made before birth?

A

bone marrow

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9
Q

What is the first phase of adaptive immunity?

A

generation of clonal diversity before birth

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10
Q

What is the second phase of adaptive immunity?

A

clonal selection, occurring upon exposure to antigen

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11
Q

What presents the antigen?

A

APC’s (antigen presenting cells)

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12
Q

How do APC’s interact with helper T cells?

A

sends interleukin 1

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13
Q

Helper t cells then do what to produce more varied T cells?

A

autocrine interleukin 2

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14
Q

What does an interferon call to destroy the cell?

A

macrophages

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15
Q

What type of lymphocyte provides long-lived immunity?

A

B cells

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16
Q

When APC’s bind to specific B cells, what happens?

A

proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells

17
Q

What are the factories in which specific antibodies or memory b cells are created?

A

plasma cells

18
Q

What are the two ways to ACTIVELY get immunity?

A

exposure to antigen/immunization or vaccines

19
Q

What are the ways to PASSIVELY get immunity?

A

transfer of antibodies in utero or administer premade antibodies

20
Q

How are antibodies classified?

A

by its chemical structure

21
Q

What is the antibody most common in blood and babies?

A

IgG

22
Q

What is the antibody common in babies but doesn’t cross the placenta?

A

IgM

23
Q

What is the antibody most common for allergies and parasites?

A

IgE

24
Q

What is the antibody that acts as an antigen receptor on the surface of early B cells?

A

IgD

25
Q

What is the antibody most common in surface secretions?

A

IgA2

26
Q

What is the process of clumping particles in suspension?

A

agglutination

27
Q

What do you call turning a soluble antigen into an insoluble precipitate?

A

precipitation

28
Q

What are the direct ways antibodies work?

A

neutralization of toxins, agglutination, precipitation

29
Q

What are the indirect ways antibodies work?

A

activates MAC and increases phagocytosis

ALTERED PHYS mid1 (5 decks)

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