Addiction

Question 1

Define Addiction

Answer 1

-It is a mental health problem
-Its when an individual takes a substace or takes part in a behaviour that is pleasurable but eventually becomes compulsive
-It can have harmful consequences

Question 2

Characteristics of addiction

Answer 2

• Physical dependancy
• Psychological dependance
• Tolerance
• Withdrawal

Question 3

What is psychological dependance

Answer 3

Having a compulsion to keep taking a drug or continue a behaviour

Question 4

What is physical dependance and example

Answer 4

Having withdrawal symptoms when the substance or activity is stopped e.g headache

Question 5

Is dependancy always an addiction?

Answer 5

Dependance on something does noy always mean addiction for example a persob may be dependant on pain medication and can’t live a normal life without it.

Question 6

When does dependancy become an addiction?

Answer 6

Dependancy becomes an addiction when the person starts to take a substance because it gives them pleasure/a sense of escape

Question 7

Define tolerance and an example

Answer 7

When larger and larger doses of a substance are required in order to have an effect e.g more ciggarettes have to be smoked in order to gain pleasure.

Question 8

Define withdrawel and examples

Answer 8

A set of symptoms which occur when a user stops taking a drug for example shaking, insomnia, loss of appetite, headaches

Question 9

What manual is addiction included in

Answer 9

Addction was added to the DSM-5 in 2013 under the heading ‘substance of abuse disorder’.

Question 10

Name 3 criteria for substance abuse disorder

Answer 10

• Craving to use the substance
• Wanting to cut down or stop, but not managing to
• Continuing to use even when it causes problems in relationships

Question 11

What did Sussman and Ames (2001) suggest?

Answer 11

Sussman and Ames made a distinction between extrapersonal and intrapersonal factors that affect vulnerability and addiction

Question 12

Define extrapersonal factors

Answer 12

Factors outside of the individual and include environmental influences e.g family

Question 13

Define intrapersonal factors

Answer 13

Internal characteristics of the person e.g individual differences

Question 14

Is genetics extrapersonal or intrapersonal?

Answer 14

Intrapersonal

Question 15

Is personality extrapersonal or intrapersonal?

Answer 15

Intrapersonal

Question 16

Is peers extrapersonal or intrapersonal?

Answer 16

Extrapersonal

Question 17

Is family extrapersonal or intrapersonal?

Answer 17

Extrapersonal

Question 18

Is stress extrapersonal or intrapersonal?

Answer 18

Extrapersonal

Question 19

Explain the theory of genetics as a risk factor

Answer 19

> Genetic vulnerability- when some people become dependant on a substance and some don’t
Genetic vulnerability- Its inherited. It leaves you motr vulnerbale to become addicted

Question 20

Explain the research of genetics as a risk factor

Answer 20

> Twin studys show heritability is competant to addiction
Kendler studied Swedish twins for alcohol addiction (9000 pairs of twins). Research collected over 40 years. Heritability stayed the same. Concordance rates.
Adoption studies- shown a genetic component to addiction
Parents wit addcition means child is at a significantly greater risk of developing an addiction