Addictions Flashcards
(96 cards)
Booze, liquor, drinks, cocktails, juice, beer, wine, sauce
Symptoms of intoxication;
Aggressiveness, euphoria, impaired judgement, emotional instability, slurred speech, depression
Symptoms of Overdose:
nausea, vomiting, shallow respirations, cold clammy skin, coma or death
Symptoms of Withdrawal:
tremors, vomiting, anxiety, headache, seizures, tachycardia, high blood pressure.
Alcohol
Marijuana, Pot, grass, MJ, gaunja, Hashish
Symptoms of intoxication:
Relaxation, talkativeness, lowered inhibitions, euphoria, mood swings,
Symptoms of Overdose;
Fatigue, paranoia, delusions/hallucinations, poss. psychosis
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
restlessness, irritability, insomnia, loss of appetite, depression, tremors, headache
Cannabis
Acid, LSD, PCP, Special K, Ecstasy, X
Symptoms of Intoxication;
visual hallucinations, disorientation, confusion, paranoid delusions, anxiety
Symptoms of Overdose;
agitation, extreme hyperactivity, violence, hallucinations, psychosis, death, panic attacks
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
Psychological withdrawal, anxiety, cravings, fatigue, flashbacks
Hallucinogens
Paint thinners, fuels/gas, varnish remover, rubber cement, “huffing”
Symptoms of Intoxication;
Belligerence, blurred vision, dizziness, slurred speech, stupor/coma, euphoria
Symptoms of Overdose;
ataxia, ototoxicity, encephalopathy, Parkinsonism, damage to PNS and brain
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
Mild, not significant
Inhalants
heroin, morphine, codeine, dilaudid, Demerol, Opium
Symptoms of Intoxication;
Euphoria, lethargy, drowsiness, lack of motivation, constricted pupils
Symptoms of Overdose;
Shallow breathing, slowed pulse, clammy skin, pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest, coma, death
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
Craving drugs, nausea/vomiting, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation, insomnia
Opioids
Barbiturates; phenobarbital, Ambien/Lunesta
Xanax, Date Rape drug, roofies,
Symptoms of Intoxication;
disinhibition of sexual or aggressive impulses, impaired judgement, slurred speech, unsteady gait, confusion
Symptoms of Overdose;
effects on organs, coma/death, CNS depression
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
nausea/vomiting, malaise, weakness, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, seizures, delirium
Sedatives/Hypnotics/Anxiolytics
Java, coffee, mud, cancer sticks, cigarettes, coke, blow, cocaine, baking soda
Symptoms of Intoxication;
Euphoria, hyperactivity, restlessness, impaired judgement, nervousness
symptoms of overdose;
convulsions/death
Symptoms of Withdrawal;
headache, depression, anxiety, social withdrawal
Stimulants (include caffeine & tabacco)
physical and psychological dependence
substance use disorder
need for increasing amounts to produce the desired effects
Syndrome of withdrawal upon cessation.
physical dependence
Overwhelming desire to repeat the use of a particular drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort
Psychological dependence
Use of the substance interferes with ability to fulfill role obligations
Attempts to cut down or control use fail
Intense craving for the substance
Extensive amount of time spent trying to procure the substance or recover from its use
Use of the substance causes the person difficulty with interpersonal relationships or to become socially isolated
Engages in hazardous activities when impaired by the substance.
Tolerance develops and the amount required to achieve the desired effect increases.
Substance specific symptoms occur upon discontinuation of use
Substance Addiction
Development of a reversible syndrome of symptoms following excessive use of a substance.
Direct effect on the CNS.
Disruption in physical and psychological functioning.
Judgement is disturbed and social and occupational functioning is impaired
Substance Intoxication
Development of symptoms that occurs upon abrupt reduction or discontinuation of a substance that has been used regularly over a prolonged period of time.
Symptoms are specific to the substance that has been used.
Disruption is physical and psychological functioning, with disturbances in thinking, feeling, and behavior.
Substance Withdrawal
Alcohol, Caffeine Cannabis Hallucinogens Inhalants Opioids Sedatives/hypnotics Stimulants Tobacco
Classes of Psychoactive Substances
Genetics; apparent hereditary factor, particularly with alcoholism.
Biochemical; alcohol may produce morphine-like substances in the brain that are responsible for alcohol addiction
Predisposing Factors
Developmental influences
Punitive superego
Fixation in the oral stage of psychosexual development
Psychological factors
certain personality traits are thought to increase a tendency toward addictive behavior
Low self-esteem
Frequent depression
Passivity
Inability to relax or defer gratification
Inability to communicate effectively
Personality factors
Social learning; children and adolescents more likely to use substance with parents who provide model for sub. use
Use of substances may also be promoted within peer group
Conditioning: pleasurable effects from substance use act as a positive reinforcement for continued use of substance
Cultural and ethnic influences: some cultures are more prone to substance abuse than others
Sociocultural factors
Prealcoholic phase: characterized by use of alcohol to relieve everyday stress and tensions of life.
Alcohol Use Disorder Phase I
Early alcoholic phase: beings with blackouts-brief periods of amnesia that occur during or immediately following a period of drinking; alcohol is now required by the person.
Alcohol Use Disorder Phase II
The crucial phase: person has lost control; physiological dependence is clearly evident.
Alcohol Use Disorder Phase III
The chronic phase: characterized by emotional and physical disintegration. The person is usually intoxicated more often than sober.
Alcohol Use Disorder Phase IV
occurs at blood alcohol levels between 100 and 200 mg/dL
Alcohol Intoxication
occurs within 4 to 12 hours of cessation of or reduction in heavy and prolonged alcohol use
Alcohol Withdrawal
