ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS DAY 2 Flashcards by Vince Rafael Candelaria

Molecular flow is characterized by a Knudsen number in the range:

a. Kn < 0.01 c. 0.1 < Kn < 1
b. 0.01 < Kn < 0.1 d. Kn > 1

d. Kn > 1

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Originally called the Lillie, this evaporator operates in a way that liquid distribution over the tubes is accomplished by sprays of perforated plates above the topmost tubes.

a. Horizontal-tube evaporator c. Long-tube vertical evaporator
b. Swirl flow evaporator d. Forced-circulation evaporator

a. Horizontal-tube evaporator

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These alloys are the most corrosion-resistant among the four alloys of stainless steel. They contain 16-26% chromium, 6-22% nickel, and very low carbon (0.03% maximum) to minimize carbide precipitation.

a. Duplex stainless steels c. Martensitic stainless steels
b. Ferritic stainless steels d. Austenitic stainless steels

d. Austenitic stainless steels

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It is defined as the possibility of injury, loss, or an environmental accident.

a. Hazard c. Near miss
b. Risk d. Threat

b. Risk

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This type of mixer made by Farrel Co., with power input to 6000 kW/m3, is used primarily in the plastics and rubber industries. The batch charge of material is forced into the mixing chamber by an air-operated ram at the top of the mixer.

a. Helical ribbon mixer c. Double-arm kneading mixer
b. Banbury mixer d. Plowshare mixer

b. Banbury mixer

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According to this law, the emissivity and absorptivity of a surface exposed to surroundings at its own temperature are the same for both monochromatic and total radiation.

a. Wien’s displacement law c. Kirchhoff’s law
b. Chick’s law d. None of these

c. Kirchhoff’s law

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It is that state of a liquid in a porous solid when a continuous film of liquid no longer exists around and between discrete particles so that flow by capillary cannot occur.

a. Pendular state c. Funicular state
b. Falling-film state d. Mesotrophic state

a. Pendular state

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These are the most powerful computers in a distributed control system, capable of performing functions not normally available in other units. These computers act both as an arbitrator unit to route internodal communications and as the database server.

a. Application stations c. Remote control units
b. Field buses d. Workstations

d. Workstations

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These fluids are shear-thinning power law fluids with yield stresses.

a. Streisand fluids c. Herschel-Bulkley fluids
b. Govier-Aziz fluids d. Wissbrun fluids

c. Herschel-Bulkley fluids

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It is an alloy made of 74% nickel and 26% molybdenum, resistant to all hydrochloric acid solutions and other strongly reducing acids.

a. Hastelloy alloy B-3 c. Incoloy 825
b. Monel 400 d. Ni-Resist

a. Hastelloy alloy B-3

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It is a type of fixed capital cost estimate in which complete specifications, drawings, and site surveys for the plant construction are required, and the estimate has an accuracy of -5 to +10 percent.

a. Project control estimate c. Budget authorization estimate
b. Firm estimate d. Factored estimate

b. Firm estimate

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Which of the following is true about regulating the number of alarms in plant operations?

a. For each alarm, a specific action is expected from the process operator.
b. Alarms should be restricted to abnormal situations for which the process operator is responsible.
c. Alarms are not appropriate for situations known to the operator either through previous alarms or through normal process surveillance.
d. All of these

d. All of these

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It is the measure of mobility of a species in itself; for instance, using a small concentration of molecules tagged with a radioactive isotope so they can be detected.

a. Internal diffusivity c. Interdiffusion coefficient diffusivity
b. Self-diffusivity d. Tracer diffusivity

b. Self-diffusivity

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It is one of the simplest batch cake filters whose design features a tank with a false bottom, perforated or porous, which may either support a filter medium or act as the filter medium. The slurry is fed into the filter vessel, and separation occurs by gravity flow, gas pressure, vacuum, or a combination of these forces.

a. Internal cake tube filter c. Nutsche filter
b. Pressure leaf filter d. Schenk filter

c. Nutsche filter

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It is a type of valve that allows relatively unimpeded flow in the desired direction but to prevent flow in the reverse direction.

a. Pressure relief valve c. Globe valve
b. Control valve d. Check valve

d. Check valve

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It is a parameter which indicates whether viscoelastic effects are important. It is numerically defined as the ratio of the characteristic relaxation time of the fluid to the characteristic time scale of the flow.

a. Graetz number c. Grashof number
b. Peclet number d. Deborah number

d. Deborah number

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It is a system, usually in the form of process hardware such as pressure relief devices, used to designate a logic for the specific purpose of taking a process to a state where a hazardous condition cannot exist.

a. Safety interlock system c. Emergency shutdown system
b. Alarm management system d. Access Control System

a. Safety interlock system

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This principle states that the exchange areas between two pairs of surfaces are equal when there is a one-to-one correspondence for all sets of symmetrically positioned pairs of differential elements in the two surface combinations.

a. Yamauti principle c. Ruthven principle
b. Benitez principle d. Ho principle

a. Yamauti principle

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This equation is derived from continuum fluid mechanics and classical thermodynamics for the motion of large particles in a fluid.

a. Werner equation c. Navier-Stokes equation
b. Wilke equation d. Stokes-Einstein equation

d. Stokes-Einstein equation

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How many degrees of freedom are there for a binary mixture of species in VLE reacting in two distinct independent reactions?

a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3

a. 0

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Which of the following is a thixotropic fluid?

a. Mayonnaise c. Gypsum suspension in water
b. Bentonite sol d. All of these

a. Mayonnaise

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It is the most corrosion-resistant thermoplastic polymer. This polymer is resistant to practically every known chemical or solvent combination and has the highest useful temperature of commercially available polymers.

a. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) c. Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA)
b. Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) d. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

d. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

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It is a compact device that maintains the process variable at a specific value in spite of disturbances. It combines the functions of the measurement sensor, controller, and final control element into one self-contained device.

a. Regulator c. Control valve
b. Constant-speed pump d. None of these

a. Regulator

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It is a phenomenon observed in viscoelastic fluids in which the fluid climbs up a shaft rotating in the fluid.

a. Bauer effect c. Steg-Katz effect
b. Weissenberg effect d. None of these

b. Weissenberg effect

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It is a type of controller primarily used to implement Boolean logic functions, timers, and counters. This controller is often used with on/off input and output devices such as limit or proximity switches, solenoid-actuated process control valves, and motor switch gear. a. Electronic controller c. Multiloop controller b. Programmable logic controller d. Personal computer controller

b. Programmable logic controller

Below the __________, expressed in units of volume percent of oxygen, it is not possible to support combustion, independent of the fuel concentration. a. Lower flammability limit c. Lower oxygen concentration b. Lower combustibility index d. Lower flash value

c. Lower oxygen concentration

It is the classical isotherm for multilayer adsorption on a homogeneous, flat surface. a. BET isotherm c. Sips isotherm b. Toth isotherm d. Freundlich isotherm

a. BET isotherm

Which of the following equations does not correctly define a primary thermodynamic function? a. G = H – TS c. H = U + PV b. U = TS – PV d. None of these

d. None of these

It refers to the secondary circulation perpendicular to the main flow through a curved pipe or coil. a. Eddy circulation c. Dean effect b. Slip flow d. Hart flow

c. Dean effect

It is a single-stage power amplifier having a fixed gain relationship between the input and output pressures. The device is packaged as a complete stand-alone unit with pipe thread connections for input, output, and supply pressure. a. Dead-band booster c. Booster relay b. Digital valve controller d. Current-to-pressure transducer

c. Booster relay

In distillation, a value for q between 0 and 1 signifies a thermal condition of the feed as: a. Saturated liquid c. Subcooled liquid b. Partially flashed d. Saturated vapor

b. Partially flashed

It is a type of anemometer which measures gas velocity from the cooling effect of the gas stream flowing across the hot junctions of a thermopile supplied with constant electrical power input. a. Hot-film anemometer c. Heated-thermocouple anemometer b. Thermistor anemometer d. Hot-wire anemometer

c. Heated-thermocouple anemometer

It is a type of psychrometric chart which plots humidity (abscissa) against enthalpy (lines sloping diagonally from top left to bottom right). a. Bowen chart c. Grosvenor chart b. Mollier chart d. Salen-Soininen chart

b. Mollier chart

It is a system whose partition ratio transitions from a value less than unity to a value greater than unity as a function of solute concentration. a. Polytrope c. Solutrope b. Azeotrope d. Allotrope

c. Solutrope

The dynamic effect of viscosity on a rotating liquid slurry as found in a sedimenting centrifuge is confined in very thin fluid layers, known as: a. Ekman layers c. Hargis layers b. Krauss layers d. Maffei layers

a. Ekman layers

These are air pollutants generated from thermal decomposition of chlorinated hydrocarbons, degreasing, and manufacture of dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and organic chemicals. They are capable of inflicting damage that leads to pulmonary edema. a. Hydrogen chloride c. Chlorofluorocarbons b. Phosgenes d. Chlorine

b. Phosgenes

These stainless steels are created by adjusting the composition so that approximately equal amounts of austenitic phase and ferritic phase are present in the alloy. a. Duplex stainless steels c. Martensitic stainless steels b. Ferritic stainless steels d. Austenitic stainless steels

a. Duplex stainless steels

For a classification of potable water, we use a.) gravity sand filter b.) plate and frame filter c.) vacuum leaf filter d.) rotary vacuum filter

a.) gravity sand filter

Vacuum filter is most suitable for a.) removal of lines from liquid b.) liquid having high vapour pressure c.) liquids of very high viscosity d.) none of these

d.) none of these

Filter aid is used a.) to increase the rate of filtration b.) to decrease the pressure drop c.) to increase the porosity of the cake d.) as a support base for the septum

c.) to increase the porosity of the cake

During the washing of cake a.) all resistance are constant b.) filter medium resistance increases c.) filter medium resistance d.) change resistance decreases

a.) all resistance are constant

The porosity of a compressible cake is a.) minimum at the filter medium b.) minimum at the upstream face c.) maximum at the filter medium d.) same throughout the thickness

a.) minimum at the filter medium

The medium resistance is controlled by a.) the pressure drop along b.) the flow rate alone c.) both pressure drop and flow rate d.) the cake thickness

c.) both pressure drop and flow rate

For separation of sugar solution from settled out mud we use a.) sparkler filter b.) plate and frame c.) centrifugal filter d.) rotary drum vacuum filter

c.) centrifugal filter

The most common filter aid is a.) diatomaceous earth b.) calcium silicate c.) sodium carbonate d.) silica gel

a.) diatomaceous earth

Removal of activated carbon from glycerine is done by a.) plate and frame filter b.) rotary vacuum filter c.) batch backed centrifuge d.) none of these

a.) plate and frame filter

Filtration of water in a paper mill is done by a.) open sand filter b.) plate and frame filter c.) vacuum leaf filter d.) sparkler filter

a.) open sand filter

The speed of a rotary drum vacuum filter (in rpm) may be a.) 1 b.) 50 c.) 100 d.) 500

a.) 1

For laminar of flow of filtrate through the cake deposited on septum which of the following with the valid? a.) Kozency-Carman Equation b.) Leva's equation c.) Clack-Plummer equation d.) none of these

a.) Kozency-Carman Equation

Which of the following may prove unsuitable for filtering volatile liquids? a.) pressure filter b.) gravity filter c.) centrifugal filter d.) vacuum filter

d.) vacuum filter

Moore filter is a a.) leaf filter b.) filter press c.) rotary filter d.) sand filter

a.) leaf filter

1Which of the following represents the plot of filtrate cvolume versus time for constant pressure filtration? a.) parabola b.) straight line c.) hyperbola d.) exponential curve

b.) straight line

1With increase in drum speed, in a rotary drum filter, the filtration rate a.) increases b.) increases linearly c.) decreases d.) is not affected

a.) increases

The inlet pressure in a constant rate filtration a.) increases continuously b.) decreases c.) remains constant d.) none of these

a.) increases continuously

1Chemisorption (chemical adsorption) is a. same as “Van der Waals” adsorption b. characterized by adsorption of heat c. also called activated adsorption d. none of these

c. also called activated adsorption

Which of the following adsorbent is used to decolorize yellow glycerine? a. silica gel c. Fuller’s earth b. alumina d. activated carbon

d. activated carbon

Absolute zero temperature signifies a. minimum temperature attainable b. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects all the heat that is taken in c. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects no heat d. none of these

c. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects no heat

Mollier diagram is a plot of a. temperature vs. enthalpy b. temperature vs. entropy c. entropy vs. enthalpy d. temperature vs. internal energy

c. entropy vs. enthalpy

The absolute entropy for all crystalline substances at absolute zero temperature a. is zero b. is negative c. is more than zero d. can’t be determined

a. is zero

Second law of thermodynamics is concerned with a. amount of energy transferred b. direction of energy transfer c. irreversible process only d. non-cyclic process only

b. direction of energy transfer

Heat of reaction is a. dependent on pressure only b. dependent on temperature only c. dependent on both pressure and temperature d. independent of temperature changes

c. dependent on both pressure and temperature

Which of the following is the most suitable for cleaning of fine coal dust (< 0.5 m)? a. Through washer c. Spiral separator b. Baum Jig Washer d. Froth Flotation

d. Froth Flotation

Pine oil used in forth flotation technique acts as a a. collector c. frother b. modifier d. activator

c. frother

Froth Flotation is most suitable for treating a. iron ores c. quartz b. sulfide ores d. metal ores

c. quartz

Moisture can be removed from lubricating oil using a. tubular centrifuge c. sparkler filter b. clarifier d. vacuum leaf filter

a. tubular centrifuge

CO2 can be adsorbed by a. hot cupric oxide c. Cold Ca (OH)2 b. heated charcoal d. alumina

b. heated charcoal

1Ion exchange process is similar to a. absorption c. adsorption b. extraction d. leaching

c. adsorption

Which of the following metals is used as catalyst for the HaberBosch process of producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gas? A. Titanium C. Nickel B. Iron D. Copper

B. Iron

Reaction conversion increases with an increase in temperature in the case of which reaction? A. Reversible endothermic C. Irreversible B. Reversible exothermic D. Autocatalytic

A. Reversible endothermic

What exists in a steam boiler operation? A. Generation of kinetic energy of turbulence and rate of dissipation are not the same B. There is a local equilibrium C. Convection heat exchange is the main mechanism of heat transfer D. Supersaturation of water is achieved

B. There is a local equilibrium

Which among the following is not an advantage of using a falling film evaporator? A. Large heating surface area B. High resistance to scaling liquids C. Good heat-transfer coefficients D. Relatively low cost

B. High resistance to scaling liquids

Fugacity and pressure are numerically equal when a gas is: A. In standard state C. At high temperature B. At high pressure D. An ideal gas

D. An ideal gas

What makes the resistance temperature detector (RTD) different from the thermistor? A. The resistance/temperature relationship is highly linear B. The maximum temperature range is between 1300 K to 2000 K. C. The negative and positive temperature coefficients D. RTD probes are more sensitive than thermistor probes

B. The maximum temperature range is between 1300 K to 2000 K.

What theory applies to the mass transfer controlled systems where the membrane permeation rate is independent of pressure? A. Flux paradox B. Laminar and turbulent flow correlation C. Solute precipitation D. Boundary-layer

D. Boundary-layer

This is the measure of a material’s ability to radiate absorbed energy. A. Emissivity C. Absorptivity B. Heat capacity D. Transmissivity

A. Emissivity

. Which of the following is not dependent on temperature and wavelength? A. Black body C. Plasma B. Gray body D. Moving Body

B. Gray body

This phenomenon occurs in a fluid flow system when the local static pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid at the existing temperature, resulting to damage to pumps and control valves from the formation of “bubbles” or voids. A. Cavitation C. Flashing B. Choked flow D. Water hammering

A. Cavitation

In agitation, which among the following will not prevent swirling or the formation of a vortex? A. Installing baffles in the tank B. Increasing the distance of the impeller from the base of the tank C. Mounting the mixer in an angular off-center position D. Offsetting the mixer horizontally on the x-axis

A. Installing baffles in the tank

Gas to liquid (GTL) technology has been developed by chemical engineers to convert natural gas to gasoline or diesel fuel from natural gas recovered from oil wells which before was flared off and wasted. What is the most important aspect of this process compared to producing gasoline or diesel fuel from crude oil? A. Relatively low investment cost B. The fuel is sulfur free C. It is a cheaper process D. Does not emit greenhouse gases

B. The fuel is sulfur free

It is a membrane separation process where a component from a heated liquid phase permeates through the membrane and is removed under low pressure. A. Reverse osmosis C. Pervaporation B. Ion exchange D. Electrodialysis

C. Pervaporation

Other name for Yamatake system A. android C. windows B. azbil D. Simantic PCS7

B. azbil

In a packed column, channeling is prevented by which of the following equipment? A. Column sump C. Nozzles B. Liquid distributor D. Raschig rings

B. Liquid distributor

. A type of Portland cement that contains tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate. A. Low Heat Cement B. Moderate Sulfate Resistance C. Normal Cement D. Normal, Air-Entraining Cement

A. Low Heat Cement

The work done in a free expansion process is __________. A. Zero C. Positive B. Negative D. Maximum

A. Zero

Other term for earthwax A. Lanolin C. Tallow B. Ozocerite D. Ambergis

B. Ozocerite

A good general reference on the art of problem solving is his classical work A. Polya C. Casey B. Chaddock D. Chittenden

A. Polya

What unit operation originated in Trona process? A. Crystallization C. Evaporation B. Fractional Distillation D. Phase Rule

A. Crystallization

It is the first stage in the anatomy of a chemical manufacturing plant. A. Feed Preparation C. Reactor B. Product Separation D. Raw Material Storage

D. Raw Material Storage

Which of the following is the Dow process? A. Conversion of nickel oxide to pure nickel B. Production of steel from molten pig iron C. Refining of bauxite ore to produce aluminum oxide D. Extraction of bromine from brine

D. Extraction of bromine from brine

Also known as design factor a. Corrosion Factor c. Pressure Factor b. Safety Factor d. Optimum Factor

b. Safety Factor

Skirt supports are most suitable for: A. Thick-walled vertical vessels B. Thin spherical vessels C. Horizontal vessels D. Tall vertical vessels

D. Tall vertical vessels

Which among the following is most suitable for very high-pressure gas phase reactions? A. Batch reactor C. Tubular flow reactor B. Fluidized bed reactor D. Stirred tank reactor

C. Tubular flow reactor

A disturbance which is externally applied to the system. A. Impedance C. Perturbations B. Output Disturbance D. Oscillation

C. Perturbations

For a zero-order reaction, the ratio of the volume of a backmix reactor to the volume of a plugflow reactor, for the same reactant conversion and conditions, is: A. 0 C. Between 0 to 1 B. 1 D. Greater than 1

B. 1

A substance which can be readily converted into dye or other colored compound. A. anlagen C. goitrogen B. acrogen D. chromogen

D. chromogen