ADH,MOUNT,STAIN

Question 1

a substance which can be smeared onto a slide so that the sections stick well to the slides

Answer 1

Adhesive

Question 2

slides must be _____ and ____ free and stored and handled properly

Answer 2

grease and dust-free

Question 3

if _______, bacteria and fungi grows which causes false-positive results after gram staining

Answer 3

not stored properly

Question 4

will influence the staining methods

Answer 4

choice of slides and adhesive

Question 5

most commonly used adhesive

Answer 5

Albumin

Question 6

one disadvantage of using albumin

Answer 6

retains some of the stains and gives a dirty background

Question 7

Mayer’s egg albumin composition

Answer 7

Egg white-58 cc
Glycerin- 50cc
100 mg of crystal of thymol

Question 8

what is the use of thymol

Answer 8

to prevent the growth of molds

Question 9

disadvantage of Mayer’s egg albumin

Answer 9

too thick adhesive that may take up stains causing a color blue background

Question 10

____ medium bonds specimen, slides and coverslips together with a clear durable film

Answer 10

Mounting medium

Question 11

a syrupy fluid applied between the section and the coverslip after staining

Answer 11

mounting medium

Question 12

keeps the slide permanent

Answer 12

Mounting medium

Question 13

prevents oxidation and scratches

Answer 13

mounting medium

Question 14

refractive index of Canada balsam

Answer 14

1.524

Question 15

Canada balsam comes from

Answer 15

Canadian tree (Abus Balsamea)

Question 16

type of mounting medium that is transparent that adheres firmly to glass and sets to a hard consistency without granulation

Answer 16

Canada Balsam

Question 17

is recommended for whole mounts and for thick section

Answer 17

Canada balsam

Question 18

disadvantage of Canada Balsam

Answer 18

Very expensive

Question 19

Characteristics of a Good mounting medium

Answer 19

1. be colorless and transparent.
2. be freely miscible with xylene and toluene.
3. not dry to a non-stick consistency and harden
   relatively quickly.
4. protect the section from physical damage and
   chemical activity (oxidation and changes in pH).
5. be resistant to contamination (particularly
   microorganism growth).
6. not cause shrinkage and distortion of tissues.
7. not leach out any stain or affect staining
8. not change in color or pH.
9. be compatible with the adhesive in use.
10. set without crystallizing, cracking, or shrinking
    (or otherwise deform the tissue being mounted)
    and not react with leach or induce fading in
    stains and reaction products (including those
    from enzyme histochemical, hybridization—).

Question 20

the process of sealing the margins of the coverslip

Answer 20

ringing

Question 21

made up of 2 parts paraffin wax mixed with 4-9 parts powdered colophonium resin, heated and filtered

Answer 21

Kronig cement

Question 22

the process is whereby the tissue components are made visible with a dye or staining solution

Answer 22

Staining

Question 23

giving color to the section by using aqueous solution or alcoholic dyes solutions

Answer 23

Direct staining

Question 24

examples of direct staining

Answer 24

Methylene Blue and Eosin

Question 25

action of the dye is intensified by adding another agent

Answer 25

Indirect staining

Question 26

what are the other agent that intensifies the dye in indirect staining

Answer 26

Mordant and Accentuator

Question 27

helps make the dye in return serving as a link or bridge to make staining reaction possible.

Answer 27

Mordant

Question 28

chemical substance that does not participate but merely increases or heightens the color intensity, selectivity, and crispness of the stain.

Answer 28

Accentuator

Question 29

example or indirect staining

Answer 29

-phenol -potassium hydroxide

Question 30

staining is continued in a definite sequence until the desired intensity of coloring of the different tissue elements is attained.

Answer 30

progressive staining

Question 31

NO washing/differentiation/decolorization in between is required

Answer 31

Progressive staining

Question 32

the tissue are overstained and the excess dye is then removed until the desired intensity is obtained

Answer 32

regressive staining

Question 33

use more than one chemical stain to differentiate between various microorganisms or structures

Answer 33

Differential Staining

Question 34

type of regressive staining

Answer 34

Acid fast, Gram, H&E staining

Question 35

cornerstone of tissue-based diagnosis

Answer 35

H&E staining

Question 36

procedure of staining

Answer 36

Xylene1 Xylene2 Xylene3 Absolute alcohol 95% Alcohol 80% Alcohol water Hematoxylin Water Acid Alcohol Water Ammonia Water Water Eosin 95% Alcohol 95% Alcohol Absolute Alcohol Absolute Alcohol Xylene 1 Xylene 2 Xylene 3

Question 37

what is the use of Hematoxylin

Answer 37

Nuclear staining

Question 38

use of Eosin

Answer 38

Cytoplasmic staining

Question 39

the use of the specific dyes that stains tissues with color that is different from that of the stain color itself.

Answer 39

Metachromatic Staining

Question 40

the application of a different color or stain to provide contrast and background to the staining of the structural components to be demonstrated

Answer 40

Counterstaining

Question 41

done by injecting the dye into any part of the animal body producing specific coloration of certain cells.

Answer 41

Intravital staining

Question 42

A process of selective removal of excess dye

Answer 42

Differentiation