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microtomy Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

involves cutting thin tissue slice for microscopic examination

A

Microtomy

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2
Q

types of microtomes

A

-rotary microtome
-base sledge microtome
-rocking microtome
-sliding microtome
-ultra microtome

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3
Q

types of Microtome knives & blades

A

-Disposable knives
- Glass and diamond knives

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4
Q

Knife profiles

A

-planar concave
-Wedge
-Chisel-shaped

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5
Q

type of microtome knife for routine purpose

A

Wedge Knife

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6
Q

knife introduced by HEIFFOR

A

Biconcave Knife

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7
Q

type of knife that is used for rocking and sledge microtome

A

Biconcave knife

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8
Q

pre-sharpened and sterile knife

A

Disposable knife

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9
Q

practically non magnetic knife

A

Tungsten carbide knife

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10
Q

along the block surface and the lower bevel of the knife

A

clearance angle

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11
Q

Clearance angle for paraffin

A

2-4 degrees

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12
Q

clearance angle for frozen

A

5-7 degress

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13
Q

upper bevel of knife and a line at 90 degrees to the block surface

A

Rake angle

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14
Q

High angle = low clearance, for what types of tissues?

A

soft tissues

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15
Q

angle between two facets that form the cutting edge

A

Bevel angle

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16
Q

this type of angle of knives usually varies 27 - 32 degrees

A

Bevel angle

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17
Q

Width of 2 facets is recommended from ____ to _______ mm

A

0.1 to 0.6mm

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18
Q

used to sharpen steel knifes (except disposable knives) and placed on a nonskid surface

A

Honing

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19
Q

polishing already sharpened edge

A

Stropping

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20
Q

rigid for stropping

A

12x2x2 inches

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21
Q

used distilled water w/ detergent or alcohol to reduce bubbles

A

Water bath

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22
Q

temp = 10 deg C below wax MP

A

Water Bath

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23
Q

set near wax MP (-60 deg C)

A

Drying Oven/Hot Plate

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24
Q

equipment for paraffin sectioning that is used for delicates tissues

A

Drying Oven/Hot plate

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25
temp and time for delicate tissues to prevent damage
37 deg C for 24hrs
26
used too remove folds/ bubbles during float-out and to guide ribbons
Forceps and Brushes
27
measurement for the slides
76 x 25 mm with 1.0 - 1.2 mm thickness
28
Section adhesives
-Poly-L-lysine -APES -Charged/plus slides
29
most commonly used; manual, semi or fully automated
Rotary microtome
30
rotary microtomes cuts the tissues _____ thick
2-3 um
31
suitable for all tissues (can cut celloidin embedded sections)
rotary microtomes
32
handwheel rotates through 360 deg moving the specimen vertically
rotary microtome
33
Knife slides across stationary specimen
Base sledge Microtome
34
Used for large or hard tissues (e.g., Bone, Brain, Eye)
Base sledge Microtome
35
used in cryostats; features a retracting block action
Rocking microtome
36
who invented the Rocking microtome
Paldwell trefall in 1881
37
Stationary knife; specimen moves. used for celloidin blocks
Sliding Mircotome
38
who developed the Sliding microtome
Adams in 1789
39
used for electron microscopy
Ultra microtome
40
specimen is fixed in ______ and embedded in ______
osmium tetroxide, plastic
41
maintenance is important for production of quality of slides
Microtome setup
42
Why is distilled water preferred over tap water for a water bath?
due to the presence of mineral deposits in the tap water
43
trim with micrometer set at 15-30 um or coarse feed.
trimming blocks
44
Aggressive trimming = "_______" = will be considered as artifacts
Moth holes
45
chill blocks on ice tray, soak slightly if needed
Cutting sections
46
use smooth, slow strokes; aim for 3-4 um sections
Cutting ribbons by consistent pressure during cutting
47
float shiny side down, trailing edge first
floating out sections
48
Avoid ___ on water to prevent tissue distortion for floating out sections
> 30 sec
49
clean bath after each block with tissue paper
Floating out sections
50
Heat to paraffin MP; avoid overheating
Drying sections
51
for delicate tissues: ____ overnight is recommended
37 deg C
52
difficulty: surface decalcification and cutting Hard tissues
Cause: over processing or fixation
53
remedies for over processing or fixation:
-soak in water or expose to running water -use softening agents or surface decal solution -Monitor decal exposure to prevent staining artifacts
54
Orientation for Intestine
blade passes through the mucosa last
55
Orientation for skin
blades passes through the epidermis last
56
Orientation for cervix
it is better to present a point of dense tissue to the blade rather than a straight edge
57
invented by Queckett in 1848
Freezing Microtome
58
stage for the block holder is _____and ________ around its perimeter
hollow and perforated
59
houses microtome in cooled cabinet
cryostat
60
best method for cryostat
isopentane + liquid nitrogen (-160 deg C)
61
produces thin, high quality frozen section
cryostat
62
specimen are frozen and cut at _____ thickness in acryo-microtome
4-8 um
63
caused by slow freezing-> large ice crystals
Handling freeze artifacts
64
fixed tissue in cryostat
Use cold formal calcium fixative (4 deg Cm 18h)
65
cabinet& Block Temperatures
Unfixed tissues: -15 to -23 deg C Fixed tissues: -7 to 12 deg C
66

summar class (5 decks)

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