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CEDU-624: Counseling Theories & Techniques > Adlerian Therapy > Flashcards

Adlerian Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

social relatedness

A

primary human motivator

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2
Q

human behavior

A

purposeful & goal directed

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3
Q

inferiority feelings

A

normal condition of all people. source of human striving; wellspring of creativity

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4
Q

life goal

A

unifies the personality and becomes source of human motivation; every striving and every effort to overcome inferiority is now in line w/ this goal

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5
Q

how people change

A

through social learning

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6
Q

Focus of Adlerian Theory

A

reeducating individuals and reshaping society

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7
Q

individual psychology

A

unity and indivisibility of the person. person must be understood as a whole w/in context of his or her life. all dimensions of a person are interconnected components, and all these components are unified by individual’s movement toward a life goal.

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8
Q

holistic conept

A

all aspects of ourselves must be understood in relationship to the socially embedded contexts of family, culture, school, work. more emphasis on interpersonal relationships than on the individual’s internal psychodynamics

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9
Q

Social Interest & Community Feeling

A

refer to the individual’s awareness of being part of the human community and to individuals’ attitudes in dealing with the social world

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10
Q

social interest

A

the action line of one’s community feeling. involves being as concerned about others as one is about oneself. involves capacity to cooperate and contribute to something bigger than oneself. requries that we have enough contact w/ the present to make a move to a meaningful future. give and take relationship w/ world

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11
Q

central indicator of mental health

A

social interest

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12
Q

community feeling

A

embodies the feeling of being connected to all of humanity – past, present, and future – and to being involved in making the world a better place.

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13
Q

3 Universal Life Tasks

A
  1. social
  2. love-marriage
  3. occupational

so fundamental that impairment in any one of them is often an indicator of a psychological disorder. more often than not, people seeking therapy are struggling unsuccessfully to meet one or more of the life tasks.

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14
Q

Therapeutic Process

A
  1. forming relationship
  2. holistic psychological investigation or lifestyle assessment
  3. disclosing mistaken goals and faulty assumptions
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15
Q

main aim of therapy

A

develop client’s sense of belonging and to assist in the adoption of behaviors and process characterized by community feeling and social interest

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16
Q

growth model of personality

A

emphasizes health and prevention, not remediation (as opposed to a medical model)

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17
Q

encouragement

A

most powerful method available for changing a person’s beliefs

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18
Q

Comprehensive Assessment of Client’s Functioning

A

major task for the therapist. gather info about style of living by means of a questionnaire on the client’s family constellation.

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19
Q

early recollections

A

stories of events that a person says occurred before age 10. these are specific incidents.

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20
Q

private logic

A

concepts about self, others, and life that constitutes the philosophy on which an individual’s lifestyle is based.

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21
Q

Four Central Objectives

A
  1. establish proper therapeutic relationship.
  2. explore psychological dynamics in client (assessment)
  3. encourage development of self-understanding (insight into purpose)
  4. help client make new choices (reorientation and reeducation)
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22
Q

Adlerian Brief Therapy (ABT)

A

minor psychotherapy developed by dreikurs

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23
Q

initial sessions

A

develop relationship, provide structure, provide a wide-angle perspective that will eventually help the client view his or her world differently

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24
Q

assessment phase

A

focus on understanding client’s idenity. proceeds from 2 itnerview forms: subjective and objective interviews

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25
Subjective Interview
counselor helps client tell life story as completely as possible. empathic listening and responding. therapist must express wonder, fascination, interest. therapist listens for clies to the purposive aspects of client's coping and approaches to life
26
the question
what would you do if you were quite well?
27
objective interview
seeks to discover info about how problems began, precipitating events, medical history, social history, reason client chose therapy, client's coping w/ life tasks, lifestyle assessment
28
lifestyle assessment
seeks to develop a holistic narrative of the person's life, to make sense of the way the person copes w/ life tasks
29
family of origin
central impact on individual's personality
30
why are early recollections important?
to a large extent, what we selectively attend to from the past is reflective of what we believe, how we behave in the present, and our anticipation of the future. from the thousands of experiences we have before age 10, we tend to remember only 6 to 12 memories.
31
three memories
minimu required to assess a pattern
32
early recollections
projective technique to assess convictions about self, others, life, ethics, assess client's stance in counseling, verify client's coping patterns, assess individual strengths and interfering ideas
33
insight
understanding of the motivations that operate in a client's life
34
phase 3: encourage self-understanding and insight
interpretation, creating awareness. interpretations are suggestions presented tentatively in form of open-ended questions
35
phase 4: reorientation and reeducation
action oriented phase. putting insights into practice. reorientation involves shifting rules of interaction, process, motivation facility through changes in awareness.
36
encouragement process
encouragement is the most distinctive Adlerian procedure; central to all phases of therapy. literally means "to build courage."
37
discouragement
basic condition that prevents people from functioning.
38
change and search for new possibilities
during reorientation phase, clients encouraged to act "as if" they were the people they wanted to be, and "catch themselves" repeating old patterns. real change happens between sessions, not in therapy itself.
39
motivation modification
Adlerians focus on this more than on behavior change
40
push-button technique
goal of this technique is to help clients become aware of their role in contributing to their unpleasant feelings. typically, clients are asked to re-create an unpleaseent memory, which is then followed by recalling a pleasant memory. recognizes that "contral" is a major theme in depression. this intervention is designed to help the client regain a sense of control over the negative feelings that seem overwhelming.
41
basic goal of the adlerian approach
help clients identify and change mistaken beliefs about self, others, and life
42
Contemporary Adlerian theory
integrative approach, combining cognitive, constructivist, existential, psychodynamic, relational, and systems perspectives
43
Adlerian brief therapy: 5 characteristics for an integrative framework
1. time limitation 2. focus 3. counselor directiveness 4. symptoms as solutions 5. assignment of behavioral tasks
44
clients who are mentally ill are...
discouraged rather than sick
45
individual psychology
Each person is unique and indivisible. Everybody can accomplish everything when the drive is sufficient (except for limitations set by heredity).
46
human behavior
People are to be viewed holistically as a creative, responsible, "becoming" individuals moving toward “fictional” goals within their phenomenal fields (more on this is in a moment).
47
erratic behavior
Erratic or unpredictable behavior is designed to confuse and put others on the defensive, which gives them the upper hand in the relationship.
48
a focus of therapy
The therapy focuses on encouraging the individual to activate social interest, and develop a new lifestyle through relationship, analysis, and action methods.
49
fiction
People's subjective perceptions shape their behavior and | personality. He calls this “fiction”.
50
personality
Personality is unified and self-consistent.
51
style of life
Style of Life is molded by the person's creative power and | creativity means a person is not bound by the past.
52
fiction as motivation
People are motivated more by fictions (expectations of the future) than by experiences of the past, not by what is true, but what they perceive as true.
53
organ dialect
Parts of the body speak for the person. This gives excuses or enables a person to avoid doing something. An example includes a woman who develops laryngitis in stressful situations so she would not have to talk about it. This is a very important issue in Gestalt Therapy.
54
conscious and unconscious
There is no dichotomy between the two. They are cooperating parts of the same system; conscious and unconscious are both in the service of the individual and he uses them to further his goals.
55
family constellation
The general hypothesis is that birth order influences the development of personality. This has become popular in addiction counseling and other counseling schemes. Adler's taught that the situation into which a person is born is more important than the order.
56
sex
a successful person needs to define sex roles and learn to relate to the other (not the opposite) sex. The other is not the enemy but a fellow interdependent person with whom we learn to cooperate. Remarkable for his age-a forerunner of women's equality. 4. SPIRITUALITY
57
coping w/ self
there is an objective self and a subjective self. Good relations have to be established between the "I" and "Me" and between the "I" and "Others."
58
change
There comes a time in therapy when analysis must be abandoned and the patient is encouraged to act instead of talking and listening. Insight has to give way to decisive action for change to take place.
59
therapist as model
The therapist must be real, fallible, able to laugh at himself, and caring—a model for social interest.
60
task setting
The tasks are relatively simple and are set at a level at which the patient can sabotage but cannot not fail and then scold the therapist. This became the foundation for most action orientated approaches to planning. a. One form of task setting was later developed into paradoxical intention to which you will exposed later in this course
61
creating images
Imaging is an important tool in psychotherapy, and it is used by many self-help approaches from dieting to sports psychology. Adler once asked a man, who was experiencing impotence, if he had ever seen an impotent dog. The man replied he had not, and Adler told him at the next attempt at sexual intercourse he should smile and say inwardly, "Bow wow." The following week he informed members of his group, "I bow wowed!"
62
push-button technique
Adler would tell a client he (the client) had a button in his hand which can control emotions. The client was to push the button when bothered by an unwanted emotion and concentrate on that process until the emotion went away. Adler also taught patients to create feelings by deciding what he would think. This gave the patient power for selfdetermination. Can you see how this has influenced cognitive behavioral and other action orientated theories?
63
"aha" experience
These are the moments of acute awareness. They generate self-confidence and optimism in dealing with life problems. Adler was careful to point out these moments to clients if they did not see it themselves.
64
post-therapy
The goal of therapy is making the therapist superfluous. The patient can implement his newly acquired learning in his own service and that of humankind.
65
dreams
Adler's concept of dreams was probably the weakest point of his theory. To Adler dreams were merely another CEDU 624 Module 3 8 expression of a person's lifestyle. Every dream serves the purpose of evasion, not sexual urges or wish- fulfillment. A dream supports the secret goals of a person's life, i.e. a person who wishes to avoid an unpleasant task may dream of missing a train or be coming paralyzed. Adler claimed to have stopped dreaming once he understood what dreams were about. He claimed strong, successful, people rarely dreamt. 11. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Psychopathology comes
66
psychopathology
Psychopathology comes from lack of courage, overstated feelings of inferiority, and underdeveloped social interest. Adler believed that pathology is merely an excess of what all people are experiencing. The excess makes it more notable and easily recognized. Neurotic people strive for superiority and are motivated largely by feelings of personal inferiority.

CEDU-624: Counseling Theories & Techniques (13 decks)

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