Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

parciales tercer sem > administracion d produccion > Flashcards

administracion d produccion Flashcards

(99 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Supply (chain) network

A

The pipelinelike movement of the materials and information needed to produce a good or service

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Triple bottom line strategy

A

A strategy that meets the needs of shareholders and employees and that preserves the environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Planning

A

The processes needed to determine the set of future actions required to operate an existing supply chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sourcing

A

The selection of suppliers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Making

A

A type of process where a major product is produced or a service provided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Delivery

A

A type of process that moves products to
warehouses or customers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Returning

A

Processes that involve the receiving of wornout, defective, and excess products back from customers and support for customers who have problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Service

A

A type of business where the major product is
intangible, meaning it cannot be weighed or
measured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Productservice bundling

A

Refers to when a company builds service activities into its product offerings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Efficiency

A

Means doing something at the lowest
possible cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Effectiveness

A

Means doing the right things to create the
most value for the company

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Value

A

Abstractly defined as quality divided by
price.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Total
quality management.

A

A philosophy that aggressively seeks to eliminate causes of production defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Business process
reengineering

A

An approach that seeks to make revolutionary changes as opposed to revolutionary changes (which is advocated by total quality management)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lean manufacturing

A

An approach that combines TQM and JIT.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Six Sigma quality

A

Tools that are taught to managers in “Green
and Black Belt Programs.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Service science management and
engineering.

A

A program to apply the latest concepts in information technology to improve service productivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Contract
manufacturer

A

An organization capable of manufacturing or purchasing all the components needed to produce a finished product or device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Core competency

A

The one thing that a company can do better
than its competitors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The six phases of the product development
process.

A

Planning, concept development, system-level design, detail design, testing, production ramp-up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Net present value

A

A useful tool for the economic analysis of a product development project.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Quality function development

A

An approach that uses interfunctional teams
to get input from the customer in design
specification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

House of quality

A

A matrix of information that helps a team
translate customer requirements into operating
or engineering goals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Design for
manufacturing and assembly

A

The greatest improvements from this arise from simplification of the product by reducing the number of separate parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Ecodesign
The incorporation of environmental considerations into the design and development of products or services
26
Best operating level
The level of capacity for which a process was designed and at which it operates at minimum cost
27
85.7 percent
A facility has a maximum capacity of 4,000 units per day using overtime and skipping the daily maintenance routine. At 3,500 units per day, the facility operates at a level where average cost per unit is minimized. Currently, the process is scheduled to operate at a level of 3,000 units per day. What is the capacity utilization rate?
28
Economies of scale
The concept that relates to gaining efficiency through the full utilization of dedicated resources, such as people and equipment.
29
Focused factory
A facility that limits its production to a single product or a set of very similar products.
30
Economies of scope
When multiple (usually similar) products can be produced in a facility less expensively than a single product
31
70 percent
In a service process such as the checkout counter in a discount store, what is a good target percent for capacity utilization?
32
Learning curve
The line that shows the relationship between the time to produce a unit and the cumulative number of units produced.
33
Individual learning
Improvement that derives from people repeating a process and gaining skill or efficiency
34
Organizational learning
Improvement that comes from changes in administration, equipment, and product design
35
64 hours
Assuming an 80 percent learning rate, if the 4th unit takes 100 hours to produce, the 16th unit should take how long to produce?
36
a straight line
The resulting plot of a learning curve when logarithmic scales are used.
37
Highly automated system
Systems that have this characteristic usually have near-zero learning
38
A process
This is a part of an organization that takes inputs and transforms them into outputs
39
Utilization
This is the ratio of the time that a resource is activated relative to the time it is available for use
40
Starving
This is when one or more activities stop because of a lack of work.
41
Blocking
This is when an activity stops because there is no place to put the work that was just completed.
42
Bottleneck
This is a step in a process that is the slowest compared to the other steps. This step limits the capacity of the process
43
Make-to-stock versus make-to-order
What is the difference between McDonald’s old and current processes?
44
Pacing
This refers to the fixed timing of the movement of items through a process.
45
Benchmarking
This is when one company compares itself to another relative to operations performance.
46
Flow time
This is the time it takes a unit to travel through the process from beginning to end. It includes time waiting in queues and buffers
47
Little’s law
The relationship between time and units in a process is called this
48
Inventory = Throughput rate × Flow time
What is the mathematical relationship between time and units in a process?
49
Process is operating in steady state
What is the major assumption about how a process is operating for Little’s law to be valid?
50
Specialization
What is the double-edged sword of job design?
51
Job enrichment and enlargement
This is when a job is increased vertically or horizontally
52
four basic work measurement techniques.
Time study, work sampling, predetermined motion-time data systems, elemental data
53
Make-to-order
A firm that makes predesigned products directly to fill customer orders has this type of production environment
54
Customer order decoupling point
A point where inventory is positioned to allow the production process to operate independently of the customer order delivery process
55
Engineer-to-order
A firm that designs and builds products from scratch according to customer specifications would have this type of production environment.
56
21 units = 42/2.
If a production process makes a unit every two hours and it takes 42 hours for the unit to go through the entire process, what is the expected work-in-process equal to?
57
7.5 turns = (1,500 × 50)/10,000
A finished goods inventory, on average, contains 10,000 units. Demand averages 1,500 units per week. Given that the process runs 50 weeks a year, what is the expected inventory turn for the inventory? Assume that each item held in inventory is valued at about the same amount.
58
Manufacturing cell
This is a production layout where similar products are made. Typically, it is scheduled on an as-needed basis in response to current customer demand.
59
Product–process matrix
The relationship between how different layout structures are best suited depending on volume and product variety characteristics is depicted on this type of graph
60
An area in a larger facility that is dedicated to a specific production objective (for example, product group). This can be used to operationalize the focused factory concept.
Plant within a plant (PWP)
61
Combines the features of both make-to-order and make-to-stock.
Hybrid
62
A measure of how well resources are used. According to Goldratt’s definition, all the actions that bring a company closer to its goals
Productivity
63
Movement of items through a process is coordinated through a timing mechanism.
pacing
64
The ratio of the value-added time to the flow time.
Process velocity
65
Value-added time
The time in which useful work is actually being done on the unit
66
Days-of-supply
The number of days of inventory of an item.
67
Lead time
The time needed to respond to a customer order.
68
A production environment where pre-assembled components, subassemblies, and modules are put together in response to a specific customer order
Assemble-to-order
69
make-to-stock
A production environment where the customer is served “on-demand” from finished goods inventory.
70
Project layout
A setup in which the product remains at one location, and equipment is moved to the product.
71
Continuous process
A process that converts raw materials into finished product in one contiguous process
72
A computer system that links all areas of a company using an integrated set of application programs and a common database.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
73
The application programs are designed in accordance with industry norms or
Best practices
74
False
True/False: Implementing an ERP system is a simple exercise that involves loading software on a computer.
75
A term used for delivering ERP services on demand over the Internet.
Cloud computing
76
The name of Microsoft’s ERP offering.
Microsoft Dynamics
77
Part of an ERP system that manages the activities within a certain functional area
Module
78
A set of processes to enable vendor-driven replenishment.
Vendor-managed inventory
79
Delivery performance
A metric that measures the percentage of orders shipped according to Schedule.
80
The model most appropriate for making a one- time purchase of an item.
Single-period model.
81
The model most appropriate when inventory is replenished only in fixed intervals of time for example, on the first Monday of each month.
Fixed–time period model
82
Fixed–order quantity model
The model most appropriate when a fixed amount must be purchased each time an order is placed.
83
Based on an EOQ-type ordering criterion, what cost must be taken to zero if the desire is to have an order quantity of a single unit?
Setup or ordering cost
84
Dependent demand
Term used to describe demand that can be accurately calculated to meet the need of a production schedule
85
Term used to describe demand that is uncertain and needs to be forecast.
Independent demand
86
This is an inventory auditing technique where inventory levels are checked more frequently than one time a year.
cycle counting
87
Term used for a computer system that integrates application programs for the different functions in a firm.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
88
Logic used to calculate the needed parts, components, and other materials needed to produce an end item.
Material requirements planning (MRP)
89
This drives the MRP calculations and is a detailed plan for how we expect to meet demand.
Master production schedule
90
Period of time during which a customer has a specified level of opportunity to make changes.
Time fence
91
This identifies the specific materials used to make each item and the correct quantities of each.
Bill-of-materials
92
These are orders that have already been released and are to arrive in the future
Scheduled receipts
93
This is the total amount required for a particular item.
Gross requirements
94
This is the amount needed after considering what we currently have in inventory and what we expect to arrive in the future
Net requirements
95
The planned-order receipt and planned-order release are offset by this amount of time.
Lead time
96
These are the part quantities issued in the planned order release section of an MRP report.
Lot sizes
97
The term for ordering exactly what is needed each period without regard to economic considerations.
Lot-for-lot ordering
98
None of the techniques for determining order quantity consider this important noneconomic factor that could make the order quantity infeasible.
Capacity
99
An integrated set of activities designed to achieve production using minimal inventories of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods.
Lean Manufacturing

parciales tercer sem (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions