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Nutrition in The Life Stages 2 > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

The period of transition form childhood to adulthood characterized by dramatically accelerated physical, physiological-social changes.

A

Adolescence

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2
Q

Period whuch is charcterized by increase in hormon secretion, rapid growth, and appearance pf secondary sex charcteristics; pubscence

A

Puberty

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3
Q

Most Rapid Phase of Adolescence growth

A

Growth Spurt

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4
Q

Highest point of adolescence growth

A

Peak

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5
Q

Beginning of the menstrual function

A

Menarche

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6
Q

May refer to the whole period transition or may mean one of the two phases of the period, pubscence and adolescence.

A

Adolescence

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7
Q

Two phases of the adolescence

A

Pubscence and Adolescence.

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8
Q

At what age does the cells of the hypothalamus send out signals to increase the output from the growth related glands - pituitary the stimulates thyroid, adrenals, ovaries and testes.

A

By age 9 to 10

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9
Q

A Growth hormone that stimulates protein anabolism.

A

Somatotropin

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10
Q

Two thyroid hormones that influence overall body growth and skeletal maturation. Metabolic effecta of these hormones include increase in oxygen consumption, heat production, nitrogen retention, protein synthesis, glucose absorption, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

A

Triodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)

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11
Q

Upon the ACTH stimulation, it secrete steroids hormones that promote growth, and sexual development and function.

A

Adrenal cortex

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12
Q

Major source of estrogens among males and androgens among females.

A

Adrenal Cortex

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13
Q

Hormones that are secreted by pituitary and influence the glands.

A

Follicle - Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Leutinizing Hormone (LH) and Prolactin

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14
Q

Metabolic effects of the thyroid hormones, triodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).

A

Increase in oxygen consumption, heat production,
nitrogen retention,
protein synthesis,
glucose absorption,
glycolysis and
gluconeogenesis.

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15
Q

The ovary in the female and the testes in the male secretes hormones which have anabolic action and influence growth of the whole body and specific tissues

A

Gonadal Hormones

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16
Q

The adrenal cortex upon the ACTH stimulation, it secrete steroids hormones that promote growth, and sexual development and function.

A

Adrenal cortical steroids

17
Q

The requirement is in relation to the amount necessary to support an acceptable rate of growth and maintain a desirable weight. Aside from growth rate, physical activity and other life style habits are factors that affect energy needs.

A

Energy (Kilocalories)

18
Q

Classification of adolescence by sex and age groups.

A

13-15 and 16-20 year old males and females

19
Q

This nutrients RDA are higher for male that female considering needs for growth and maintenance.

A

Protein

20
Q

A vitamin that is based on metabolic body size, that us, 4.5 mg per unit metabolic size.

A

Vitamin C

21
Q

Vitamins that has role in energy metabolism, increases directly with increased calorie intake.

A

Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin

22
Q

An intake of 700 mg of this mineral is recommended for the adolescents of both sexes to cover the needs for bone formation and to allow for the increase in bone mass.

A

Calcium

23
Q

A type of mineral that increases in needs for hemoglobin synthesis necessitated by the expansion of blood volume and for myoglobin required for muscle growth.

A

Iron

24
Q

The medium age of menarche.

A

13 or 14 years

25
Q

Amount of water needed per day is the sum of the losses through the lungs, and from the urine, sweat, and feces.

A

1.5-2.5 liters/day or 1ml/kcal of food eaten

26
Q

Common Feeding Problems in Adolescents

A

Meal skipping, Snacking, and Non-traditional eating patterns.

27
Q

Teenagers tend to skip meals particularly breakfast. The reasons often cited for skipping meal are lack of appetite, lack of time, preference for sleep or leisure activity, spending time over personal appearance, and/or fear of becoming fat.

A

Meal Skipping

28
Q

Teenagers tend to eat often and snacking is characteristics of their lifestyle. It may be detrimental if food consumed are those with empty calories and if these snacks take the place of regular meals.

A

Snacking

29
Q

Adolescent may manifest unusual eating patterns to express their independence and for other reasons reasons, e.g. eating organically growth foods, frying fat diets, etc.

A

Non-traditional eating patterns.

30
Q

Nutrition-Related Problems and Disorders in Adolescence

A

*Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
*Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD)
*Anorexia Nervosa
*Bulimua
*Weight disorder
*Use of Alcohol
*Low Calcium Intake
*Oral Contraceptive

31
Q

Protein Requirements for Age Range Specific

A

Males
10-12 - 1.73
14-15 - 1.65
16-19 - 1.60

Females
10-12 - 1.63
13-15 - 1.57
16-19 - 1.52

32
Q

Energy Requirement for age range specific

A

Male
13-15 - 55
16-19 - 45

Female
13-15 - 45
16-19 - 40

Nutrition in The Life Stages 2 (3 decks)

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