Adolescent Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is the comparison between bone age and chronological age in constitutional growth delay?
Bone age < chronological age
What drug may cause galactorrhea in males?
Marijuana
When would you consider abnormal premature pubertal development in a male?
Prior to age 9
What is the first stage of male pubertal development?
Testicular growth >2.5 cm
What should you consider in a Male with pubic hair development and Penis enlargement in the absence of testicular enlargement ?
Extragonadal androgen stimulation
At what age would you consider it abnormal for a female to begin puberty?
Prior to age 7
What genetic syndrome may be associated with gynecomastia ?
Klinefelter
What is the first sign of pubertal development in females and at what age should this occur by?
Thelarche (development of Breast tissue) - workup indicated if no thelarche by age 13
What stage of development occurs after thelarche ?
Pubarche then menarche
What diagnosis should you consider in a patient who goes through thelarche but does not have pubarche?
Testicular feminization aka androgen insensitivity
When do you find pubarche without development of thelarche ?
Androgen excess
You are presented with an 11 y/o female at sexual maturity stage 2 who presents with bloody discharge, what is the most likely diagnosis ?
Foreign body (menses should not occur until sexual maturity stage 3 or 4)
What is pseudo precocious puberty? What is this due to?
When the sequence of pubertal development occurs out of order - due to exogenous hormones or steroid production by adrenals or gonads
What is the appropriate sequence of male pubertal development ?
Testicular growth –> pubarche –> penile growth –> peak height velocity
What should you do if a patient presents with signs of premature adrenarche ?
Bone age
What are 4 possible causes of pseudo precocious puberty?
Late onset CAH
Leydig cell tumor
Anabolic steroids
OCPs
What testing would be appropriate in a patient who presents with visual field deficits and precocious puberty?
MRI brain to look for pituitary mass
What are 6 absolute contraindications for the use of oral contraceptives?
Pregnancy Liver disease Elevated lipids Breast cancer Coronary artery disease Cerebrovascular disease
What are 5 relative contraindications for using oral contraceptives? (you can still use them but they may not be as effective)
HTN Depression Migraines Breast feeding Anticonvulsant use
What are 5 advantages of oral contraceptive use (other than birth control)?
Decreased risk of ovarian cysts, endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer, ectopic pregnancy and acne
When would you consider the diagnosis of primary amenorrhea?
Lack of menses by age 16 or 2 years following sexual maturation
What are 3 most common causes of primary amenorrhea ?
Polycystic ovary disease
Testicular feminization
Turner syndrome
What are the 2 common lab findings associated with polycystic ovary disease?
LH:FSH >2.5
Elevated androgen levels
What are the 3 most common causes of secondary amenorrhea?
Pregnancy, excessive exercise/weight loss, PCOS
