Adrenal and Gonads - CS4: PCOS

Question 1

What are the key symptoms for PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)?

Answer:

Answer 1

Irregular or absent periods (oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea)

Hyperandrogenism (excess facial and body hair, acne, male-pattern baldness)

Polycystic ovaries (enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts visible on ultrasound)

Infertility due to anovulation

Question 2

Case Study 4 - PCOS

Q: What are the treatments for PCOS?

Answer 2

Lifestyle changes: Weight loss, regular exercise, healthy diet to manage insulin resistance

Oral contraceptives: To regulate menstrual cycles and manage hyperandrogenism

Metformin: To improve insulin sensitivity

Anti-androgens (e.g., spironolactone): To manage excess hair and acne

Fertility treatments: Clomiphene citrate or letrozole to induce ovulation