Adrenal Gland Hormones Flashcards
(23 cards)
Mineralocorticoids include
Aldosterone
Deoxycorticosterone
Corticosterone
11 deoxycorticosterol
Mineralocorticoids release is stimulated directly by
ACTH
K+
Low osmolarity
Angiotensin II
Mineralocorticoids release is stimulated indirectly by?
Low Blood pressure
Low macula densa tubular fluid flow
Important enzyme in the aldosterone synthesis is?
P450 aldosterone synthase
Zona glomerulosa makes about _______ % of the total adrenal cortex
15%
Zona glomerulosa has ____________ capillaries
Fenestrated capillaries
Half life of aldosterone is?
20 minutes
______________ and ______________ enzymes are only present in zona glomerulosa
18-hydroxylase and 18-HSDH
Immediate precursor of aldosterone is?
18 OH corticosterone
Aldosterone exists in two forms that are?
18-Aldehyde form
11-Hemiacetyl form
Aldosterone acts on kidneys principal cells to increase reabsorption of ___________ and decrease excretion of ___________
Sodium
Potassium
Aldosterone increases the secretion of ______ and absorption of ______ from the intercalated cells of the distal convoluted tubule
H ions secretion and HCO3- absorption
High Aldosterone can lead to __________ (Acidosis/Alkalosis)
Alkalosis
High aldosterone can lead to __________ (hypotension/hypertension)
Hypertension
What is aldosterone escape?
High blood pressure due to high aldosterone leads to pressure natriuresis and diuresis
High aldosterone can lead to ___________ (hypokalemia/Hyponatremia)
Hypokalemia
Alkalosis in conn syndrome occurs due to?
Hypokalemia (K+ leaves the cells to balance the K levels outside but this requires H in to move in the cells leading to alkalosis)
Aldosterone stimulated the salivary, sweat glands and intestine to reabsorb ______ and ______
Na and Cl
Aldosterone stimulated the salivary, sweat glands and intestine to secrete ______ and ______
HCO3- and K+
If aldosterone is low, then it may lead to ___________ (diarrhea/constipation)
Diarrhea because the sodium and chloride are not absorbed from the GI tract and water follows them)
Low aldosterone can lead to low cardiac output and low ECF volume. This can cause?
Shock and death within 4 days to 2 weeks if no therapy is given
Aldosterone receptors have an enzyme ___________ that inactivate cortisol.
11 B HSDH. They are present in kidneys and colon
Low sodium, low ECF volume, high H+ ions, and high RBC concentrations are symptoms of?
Aldosterone deficiency (Adrenal insufficiency/Addison’s Disease)
