Adrenaline Flashcards
(16 cards)
Mechanism of Action
Stimulates alpha and beta receptors, predominantly alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2
Alpha 1 receptor action
Stimulates smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, vasoconstriction of blood vessels and stimulation of glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis.
Beta 1 Receptor Action
Causes an increase in inotropy (cardiac contractility), an increase in chronotropy (HR), and an increase in dromotropy (speed of electrical conduction within the heart).
Beta 2 Receptor Action
causes smooth muscle relaxation, skeletal muscle vasodilation, bronchdilation, and stabilisation of mast cell membranes, reducing histamine release.
Indications
- CA
- Anaphylaxis
- Severe asthma
- respiratory arrest from COPD
- Bradycardia with mod-sev cardiovascular compromise
- BP support if unresponsive to metaraminol
- shock unresponsive to 0.9% NaCl IV and metaraminol IV
- stridor causing moderate or severe respiratory distress
- IN for clinically significant epistaxis
- Topical for Significant bleeding
Contraindications
None
Cautions
Myocardial Ischemia: Adrenaline increases Myocardial oxygen consumption
Tachydysrhythmias: Adrenalin will worsen tachydysrhythmias
Dosage: Topical
Dilute to 1ml of adrenalin in 9ml of NACl. apply topically with pressure
Dosage IN:
Dilute to 1:10 (1:10,000), 0.2 mg of adrenaline over 12 years old. 0.1 mg 5 - 11 years.
Nebulised:
Undiluted
Dosage IM:
0.5 mg IM for adult in anaphylaxis.
Dosage Cardiac Arrest:
Adult 50kg+: 1mg IV undiluted bolus
Under 50kg: Dilute 1:10
Dosage IV Infusion
1mg adrenaline in 1L bag of saline. Shake and label.
Adult: 2dps
Child: 1dps
Common Adverse Effects:
- Tachy
- Tachydysrhythmia
- Myocardial Ischemia
- Ventricular Ectopy
- Hypertension
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Tremor, Anxiety and sweating
- Hyperglycemia
Onset of Effect
IV: 5-10s
IM: 2-5min
Metabolism
Adrenalin is metabolised in the liver and taken up by sympathetic nerve endings
