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Adrenergics-OLD Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the alpha agonists?

A

Norepinephrine, Phenylepherine, Methoxamine, Metaraminal, Phenylpropanolamine, Pseudoephendrine

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2
Q

What is the function of Norepinephrine?

A

Pressor. Increases TPR, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean BP. No change in HR

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3
Q

What is the function of Phenylephrine?

A

Pressor, decongestant, mydriatic

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4
Q

What is the function of Methoxamine?

A

Pressor

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5
Q

What is the function of Metaraminal?

A

Pressor; acts on Alpha-1, stimulates release of NE

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6
Q

What is the function of Phenylpropanolamine?

A

Decongestant

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7
Q

When would you use Norepinephrine?

A

For Hypotension

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8
Q

What are the side effects of the alpha adrenergics?

A

Anxiety, respiratory difficulty, forceful heartbeat, headache, hypertension, infiltration necrosis (IV), rebound nasal congestion

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9
Q

What are the alpha-2 agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Clonidine

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10
Q

What is the function of Clonidine?

A

Induces hypotension, sedation, bradycardia; decreases sympathetics

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11
Q

What are the specific beta agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Isoproterenol, Dobutamine

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12
Q

What are the functions of Isoproterenol?

A

Relaxes smooth muscle, vasodilates skeletal muscle, increases CO

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13
Q

What are the functions of Dobutamine?

A

Increases CO and SV without changing BP

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14
Q

When would you use Dobutamine?

A

Short-term treatment of cardiac decompression

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15
Q

What are the side effects of the specific beta agonist adrenergics?

A

Tachycardia

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16
Q

What are the specific beta-2 agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Isoetharine, Metaproterenol, Terbutaline, Albuterol, Bitolterol

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17
Q

What are the side effects of the specific beta-2 agonist adrenergics?

A

Skeletal muscle tremor, hyperglycemia

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18
Q

What are the specific agonists?

A

Epinephrine, Dopamine, Ephedrine

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19
Q

What are the functions of Epinephrine?

A

Low dose: beta agonist, high dose: alpha and beta agonist

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20
Q

When would you use epinephrine?

A

To relieve bronchospasm, prolong local anesthetic

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21
Q

What are the functions of dopamine?

A

Low dose vasodilator, medium dose beta-1, high dose alpha-1

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22
Q

What are the functions of ephedrine?

A

Increases HR, CO, TPR, BP, bronchodilation

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23
Q

When would you use ephedrine?

A

Asthma, nasal congestion

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24
Q

What are the alpha blockers?

A

Phenoxybenzamine, Phentolamine

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25
What are the functions of Phenoxybenzamine?
Decrease TPR, BP. Increase HR, CO, NE release
26
What are the functions of Phentolamine?
Decrease TPR, BP. Increase HR, CO, NE release
27
When would you use Phentolamine?
Short term control of hypertension in pheochromocytoma
28
What are the side effects of Phenoxybenzamine?
Postural hypotension, tachycardia, no sperm, no ejaculation
29
What are the side effects of Phentolamine?
Hypotension, tachycardia
30
What are the alpha-1 blockers?
Prazosin, Terazosin
31
What are the functions of Prazosin?
Decrease TPR, VR, BP, Preload
32
When would you use Prazosin?
Hypertension; Doxazosin is a longer-HL analog
33
What are the side effects of Prazosin?
Postural hypotension (maybe syncope), developed tolerance
34
How is Terazosin different from Prazosin?
Less potent, more specific, more water soluble, more BA, longer HL, than Prazosin
35
What are the Alpha-2 blockers?
Yohimbine
36
What are the functions of Yohimbine?
Increased BP, HR
37
When would you use Yohimbine?
Psychogenic impotence
38
What are the side effects of Yohimbine?
Enhances motor activity, produces tremor
39
What are the beta blockers?
Propranolol, Timolol, Nadolol, Pindolol, Cartelol, Penbutolol
40
What are the functions of Propranolol?
Decreases HR, contractility, CO, BP; prototype, membrane stabilizing effect, no sympathomimetic activity
41
When would you use Propranolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
42
What are the side effects of Propranolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
43
What are the functions of Timolol?
Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; short acting, potent, no MS/IS activity
44
When would you use Timolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
45
What are the side effects of Timolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
46
What are the functions of Nadolol?
Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; longer acting than propranolol, no MS/IS
47
When would you use Nadolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
48
What are the side effects of Nadolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
49
What are the functions of Pindolol?
Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; MS and IS activity
50
When would you use Pindolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
51
What are the side effects of Pindolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
52
What are the functions of Carteolol?
Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; IS activity
53
When would you use Carteolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
54
What are the side effects of Carteolol?
CHF, bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
55
What are the functions of Penbutolol?
Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP
56
When would you use Penbutolol?
Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency
57
What are the side effects of Penbutolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
58
What are the Beta-1 blockers?
Metoprolol, Atenolol, Acebutolol, Esmolol
59
What are the side effects of Metoprolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
60
What are the side effects of Atenolol?
CHF, bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue
61
What are the side effects of Acebutolol?
CHF, bradyarrhythmia, broncoconstriction, fatigue
62
What are the side effects of Esmolol?
CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, broncoconstriction, fatigue
63
What is the function of Metoprolol?
Affects heart while leaving bronchial tree alone. MS Activity
64
What is the function of Atenolol?
No MS/IS activity
65
What is the function of Acebutolol?
MS and IS activity
66
What is the function of Esmolol?
No MS/IS activity
67
What is the MOA of Labetalol?
Both betas and alpha -1
68
When would you use Labetalol?
Decrease BP
69
What are the NT Metabolism drugs?
Resperine, Guanethidine, Bretylium, Methyldopa, Tyramine
70
What is the MOA of Resperine?
Blocks transport of catecholamines into storage vesicles, MAO metabolizes catecholamines
71
When would you use Resperine?
Decrease BP
72
What are the side effects of Resperine?
Sedation, lack of concentration, depression
73
What is the MOA of Guanethidine?
Inhibits NE release
74
When would you use Guanethidine?
Decrease BP
75
What are the side effects of Guanethidine?
Sedation, lack of concentration, depression
76
What is the MOA of Bretylium?
Inhibits NE release
77
When would you use Bretylium?
Antiarrhythmic
78
What is the MOA of Methyldopa?
"false" NT, makes fake NE
79
When would you use Methyldopa?
Decrease BP
80
What are the side effects of Methyldopa?
Sedation, hypotension, anemia, leukopenia, hepatitis (?)
81
What is the MOA of Tyramine?
Displaces NT from axonal terminal
82
What are the Irreversible MAO inhibitors?
Parglyine, Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine
83
When would you use Parglyine?
Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson
84
What are the side effects of Parglyine?
Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema
85
When would you use Tranylcypromine?
Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson
86
What are the side effects of Tranylcypromine?
Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema
87
When would you use Phenelzine?
Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson
88
What are the side effects of Phenelzine?
Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema

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