AE - Climatology

Question 1

Cold air pool = ___ visibility

Answer 1

low

Question 2

easterly waves are most likely to form in the ___ wind zone

Answer 2

trade wind

Question 3

Are trade winds more pronounced over oceans or continents?

Answer 3

More pronounced over water (oceans)

Question 4

Hvar er ITCZ staðsett um vetur í latitude?

Answer 4

0-5°N

Question 5

What is the average latitude for travelling frontal depressions?

Answer 5

60°N

Question 6

Á hvaða árstíð blæs Bora?

Answer 6

Winter, spring.

Question 7

Hvaða tveir vindar eru aðal yfirborðsvindarnir í norður Afríku á sumrin og svo veturna, north of the equator?

Answer 7

SW monsoon in the summer and NE tradewind in the winter

Question 8

Hvenær er mest weather activity in a cold pool?

Answer 8

afternoon

Question 9

Sub-tropical high pressure belt: __°-__°

Answer 9

25°-35°

Question 10

Easterly waves: Most likely to form in the

a) region of the equator between 0° and 5 north or south
b) trade wind zone.

Answer 10

b) trade wind zone.

Question 11

Í harmattan þá er hætta sem stafar af flugi vegna

a) Sand up to FL150
b) Dust and poor visibility

Answer 11

b) Dust and poor visibility

Question 12

Á svæðinu þar sem easterly waves eru.. hvernig er veðrið þarna?

Answer 12

thunderstorms and rain.

Question 13

Í tropical rain climate (aka equatorial), hvað er RH, freezing level og average temperature?

Answer 13

RH: 80%
freezing level: 15,000 ft.
average temperature: 28°C

Question 14

Hvernig er veðrið í flat pressure pattern um sumar?

Answer 14

Generally fine weather, possibly thunderstorms in the afternoon or evening.

Question 15

Myndir þú sjá cold air pool á surface chart?

Answer 15

Nei, þetta er aðallega í middle troposphere.

Question 16

Hvernig er tíðarfar í Savannah (tropical transitional)?

Answer 16

ein stutt vætutíð og svo mjög þurrt.

Question 17

Hvað eru mörg rain seasons í Nairobi, Kenya?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Í hvaða mánuði skiptist klikkaði SW monsooninn yfir í NE monsoon?

Answer 18

September

Question 19

Hvenær eru rain seasonin í equatorial Africa?

Answer 19

March-May og

Oct-Nov

Question 20

Rainfall í mediterranean climate, er það yfir eða undir 700mm?

Answer 20

Undir

Question 21

An aircraft is climbing away from a cold air pool. What can be expected?

a) strong updraughts
b) aircraft performance reduces

Answer 21

b) aircraft performance reduces

Question 22

Hvar eru “the doldrums”?

Answer 22

Equatorial low - ITCZ - “Doldrums”

Question 23

In the central part of the Atlantic Ocean between 10°N and 20°N the prevailing surface winds are..

Answer 23

NE trade winds.

Think about it, þetta er bara swirlið frá horse latitudes niður að equatorial low (ITCZ).

Question 24

Hvort er stronger, “the roaring forties” SH eða “the westerlies” NH ?

Answer 24

the roaring forties are stronger. (Held því það er meiri sjór í SH = minna viðnám = meiri hraði).

Question 25

Hvernig er úrkoman í equatorial region og á hvaða tímabili?

Answer 25

Rain- and hail showers and thunderstorms occur the whole year. Frequency is the highest in two periods, April-May and October-November.

Question 26

Í hvaða mánuði byrjar Harmattan að blása?

Answer 26

NE wind affecting northwest Africa during November to April

Question 27

Where are the westerlies to be expected? a) between 65°and 80° north or south b) in the subtropical high pressure belt c) in the mid-latitudes

Answer 27

c) in the mid-latitudes

Question 28

Á hvaða latitude er prevailing westerlies?

Answer 28

50°N (hjálpar manni að hugsa að westerlies eru í mid-latitudes og ef heimurinn er 0°-90° þá er helmingurinn af því 45 sem er nærri 50).

Question 29

Á hvaða latitudes er subtropical high-pressure belt?

Answer 29

25°-35°

Question 30

Hvað heitir loftið sem kemur frá Polar Cap?

Answer 30

Arctic air

Question 31

If you cool the underlying surface, stability will a) increase b) decrease

Answer 31

a) increase

Question 32

A low pressure area associated with a surface front, is the ___ front low

Answer 32

Polar

Question 33

The lowest cloud type observed is Stratus fractus, and tehre is moderate continuous rain. The area you are most likely situated in is: a) the warm sector b) in the main body of a warm or cold front

Answer 33

b) in the main body of a warm or cold front

Question 34

Í COLD occlusion, hvernig ský eru þarna í "dalnum" á milli frontanna?

Answer 34

Í cold occlusion er þetta CB | Í warm occlusion held ég að svarið væri stratus.

Question 35

How do airmasses acquire their properties? a) pressure system of the source b) characteristics of the source c) moisture content d) latitude

Answer 35

a) pressure system of the source | b) characteristics of the source

Question 36

In the northern hemisphere, the advection of warm air aloft indicates the approach of a ___ ____.

Answer 36

warm occlusion.

Question 37

Hvernig er loftið eftir að warm front hefur farið framhjá? a) unstable Martime tropical b) Stable Maritime Tropical. c) unstable Continental Tropical d) Stable Continental Tropical

Answer 37

b) Stable Maritime Tropical.

Question 38

The polar front is the boundary between a) Arctic air and polar air b) Polar air and tropical air

Answer 38

b) Polar air and tropical air

Question 39

The air mass in the warm sector of a polar front is ___ air.

Answer 39

tropical

Question 40

What characterizes a stationary front? The surface wind has it's direction ___ to the front.

Answer 40

parallel

Question 41

In what season do cold occlusions occur the most in Europe?

Answer 41

Summer

Question 42

In a warm occlusion, the ___ front becomes a front aloft.

Answer 42

cold

Question 43

In what direction does the centre of a non-occluded frontal depression move?

Answer 43

in the direction of the warm sector isobars.

Question 44

Frontal depressions can be assumed to move in the direction of the 2000 feet wind in front of the __ front.

Answer 44

warm. Hrikalega orðað, þýðir held ég bara að vindurinn fer skv. isobars í warm sector fyrir ofan jarðhrifin. (sem maður tekur ekki með í reikninginn).

Question 45

Hvernig er visibility í lower levels þegar "cool dry air is moving over a warmer surface"?

Answer 45

Gott. held að lykillinn hér sé að þetta er DRY og þegar þú injectar köldu lofti inn í neðra lag þá eykur þú stability. En ættir þú þá ekki að hafa slæmt vis?

Question 46

What cloud cover is typical for a wide warm sector of a polar front depression over Central Europe in the summer during daytime? a) ST with drizzle b) Fair weather CU

Answer 46

b) Fair weather CU | Hér er lykilatriðið að það er summer. Ef það væri vetur þá værir þú að sjá þoku og low stratus.

Question 47

How does the activity of a cold front change when it has to cross a chain of mountains?

Answer 47

It strenthens "upwind" of the mountains.

Question 48

Are the westerlies in the a) mid-latitudes b) subrtopical high pressure belt

Answer 48

a) mid-latitudes

Question 49

When are the rainy seasons in Africa?

Answer 49

March to May | October to November

Question 50

On which side of an easterly wave are thunderstorms most likely to develop?

Answer 50

On the east side of the wave.

Question 51

The prevailing surface wind in the area of the west coast of Africa north of the equator (gulf of Guinea) is a __ ___ in summer and a __ ___ in winter

Answer 51

SW monsson, NE trade wind in winter

Question 52

Farðu með climate svæðin frá miðbaugi og upp

Answer 52

0°- 10°: Tropical rain (equatorial) 10°-20°: Tropical transitional (Savannah) 20°-35°: Sub Tropical (Dry) 35°-40°: Temperate transitional (Mediterrenean) 40°-65°: Mid latitude ( disturbed temperate) 65°-90°: Polar climate (snow zone)

Question 53

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið" tropical rain"?

Answer 53

equatorial (0°-10°)

Question 54

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið "tropical transitional"?

Answer 54

Savannah (10°-20°)

Question 55

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið "Sub tropical"?

Answer 55

Dry (20°-35°)

Question 56

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið "Temperate transitional"?

Answer 56

Mediterrenean (35°-40°)

Question 57

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið "Mid latitude"

Answer 57

Disturbed temperate (40°-65°)

Question 58

Hvað er annað nafn yfir svæðið "Snow zone"

Answer 58

Polar climate (65°-90°)