AE - Themodynamics

Question 1

Stability in an atmospheric layer increases by advection of __- air in the lower part of the layer

Answer 1

cold

Question 2

Hvað gerist fyrir relative humidity ef a parcel of air rises?

Answer 2

Kólnar -> RH eykst

Question 3

Absolutely instable = ___ ELR

Answer 3

High

Question 4

What happens to actual mixing ratio if you lift unsaturated air until it reaches condensation level?

Answer 4

Nothing

Question 5

Þegar efni þéttist, hvort gefur það frá sér eða tekur hita?

Answer 5

gefur frá sér latent hita (hitar þá væntanlega umhverfið)

Question 6

Hvað er aðalatriðið sem þú skoðar ef þú vilt vita hversu stable umhverfið er?

Answer 6

ELR

Question 7

RH ___ if water is cooled and the vapor pressure is ___.

Answer 7

constant

Question 8

An isothermal layer, how is it’s stability?

Answer 8

absolutely stable

Question 9

What is the DALR? How about the SALR?

Answer 9

DALR: 3°C SALR: 1.8°C ELR: 2°C

Question 10

hvað gerist þegar þú descendar through inversion layer?

Answer 10

Kemst í kaldara loft = more thrust.

Question 11

A layer is absolutely unstable if the temperature decrease is _°C/100m or less/more

Answer 11

1° or more

Question 12

Ef airmass er með Lapse rate sem er greater than saturated adiabatic lapse rate but less than dry adiabatic lapse rate þá er sá airmass kallaður..

Answer 12

conditionally unstable

Question 13

Ratio between actual mixing ratio and the saturation mixing ratio is called..

Answer 13

Relative humidity

Question 14

The height of the lifting condensation level is determined by ___ and dew point at the surface.

Answer 14

temperature

Question 15

a moist but unsaturated parcel of air becomes saturated by moving the parcel higher/lower?

Answer 15

higher.
Trikkið er að þú þarft að fá kuldann til að að fá fram saturation. Færð hann með því að hækka “hæðina” vegna adiabatic cooling.

Question 16

The capacity of air to hold water is determined by it’s ____.

Answer 16

temperature.

Question 17

Hvað er sublimation?

Answer 17

solid fer beint í vapor.

T.d. klaki sem gufar af.

Question 18

Hvað er condensation?

a) gas to liquid
b) gas to solid

Answer 18

a) gas to liquid

ef gasið væri að fara beint í solid þá myndi það kallast sublimation.

Question 19

A layer is conditionally unstable if it is ____ for saturated air and ____ for dry air.

Answer 19

unstable, stable.

Question 20

If an airmass descends, what happens to it’s relative humidity?

Answer 20

decreases, loftið hitnar adiabadicly við lækkunina og þá er rýmra um eindirnar og þær halda meira vatni = minna relative humidity.

Question 21

Hvað er DALR í metrum og fetum?

Answer 21

1°C/100m 3°C/1000ft

Question 22

Af hverju kólnar rísandi loft?

Answer 22

it expands

Question 23

Hversu mikið er water vapor við pólana?

Answer 23

Eiginlega núll.

Question 24

Hvað gerist fyrir relative humdity og dew point í saturated air mass ef það hitnar?

Answer 24

Relative humidity minnkar og dew point breytist ekki

Question 25

Hvað gerist fyrir stability ef þú setur cold air in the lower part of the layer?

Answer 25

stability eykst

Question 26

Hvaða ratio er þetta? "The number of grammes of water vapour per kilogramme of dry air"

Answer 26

mixing ratio

Question 27

Hvaða veðurfyrirbrigði gæti komið með subsidence?

Answer 27

Inversion með haze, mist.

Question 28

The maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold depends on the ..

Answer 28

air temperature

Question 29

Getur dew point verið hærra en hitastig?

Answer 29

Nei, alltaf jafnt eða minna gildi en hitastigið.

Question 30

Hvað er skilgreint sem "Ratio between actual mixing ratio and the saturation mixing ratio * 100"?

Answer 30

Relative humidity

Question 31

Hvað gerist fyrir amount of water vapour ef þú minnkar hitastig?

Answer 31

Minnkar

Question 32

Satt eða rangt: a layer can be stable for saturated air and unstable for unsaturated air.

Answer 32

Rangt. Rétt er: A layer can be stable for unsaturated air and unstable for saturated air.

Question 33

Hvernig satureitar þú moist (en unsaturated) loft?

Answer 33

Með því að lyfta því upp í hærri hæð. (loftið expandar adiabatically og kælist að daggarmörkum = verður saturated).

Question 34

By volume, what percentage of air in the lower troposphere consists of water vapour?

Answer 34

0-5%

Question 35

Solid beint í vapour kallast..

Answer 35

sublimation

Question 36

The maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold depends on it's ___.

Answer 36

temperature.

Question 37

What happens when dew point lapse rate and DALR of a rising air converge?

Answer 37

Cloud bases form.

Question 38

If you cool air to it's dewpoint and then keep cooling it more, the dew point temperature ____.

Answer 38

redcues.