Aerodydanamics Of Flight Flashcards
4 Forces of Flight
Thrust, Lift, Drag, Weight
What is the Lift Formula?
Lift = coefficient of lift x Density x ((Velocity^2)/2) x wing area
What are the types of Drag? Why?
Induced drag - caused from the creation of lift
Parasitic Drag
- Form -
- Interference
- Skin
More study
When is drag the most? Why?
Lift drag chart helps answer, the most induced drag happens when we are clean, heavy and slow.
Why does adding flaps when in slow flight decrease wingtip vortices?
(Probably) because the vortices are broken up and not all at the wingtip.
What are the forces in a turn?
Vertical component of lift
Horizontal component of lift
Total lift
Centrifugal Force
Weight
Load Factor (G’s)
What are the different Vo’s
Vo = Operating maneuvering speed is dependent on the aircraft weight.
101 - 2381 lb
108 - (2381 lbs - 2601 lbs)
113 - 2601 lbs+
Why are there different Vo’s (or Va’s) depending on weight?
Increased weight -> Increases AOA -> Increases Vo
You reach the limit load factor faster with a heavier plane..?
More Research
How do you get out of a Spin? Why is that the procedure?
Both wings are stalled, One more than the other. The more stalled wing is lower.
Power Idle- So the nose more easily drops to get out of the stall
Ailerons Neutral - Aileron input will make the spin worse.
Rudder Full opposite - to stop the rolling and yawing movement of the spin.
Elevator forward- bring the nose back under the critical angle of attack. (Because relative wind is coining from beneath.)
After spin has stopped.
Faps Up -
Rudder neutral-
Elevator back -
What is Adverse Yaw?
Is the tendency of an aircraft to yaw in the opposite direction for a turn.
This happens because the raised wing with its aileron down has increased lift = increased drag.
What are the Left turning Tendencies? Why?
P- Factor - Propeller moving clockwise and in a climb the propeller on its way down creates more thrust. In our case that is the right side which yaws the plane to the left.
Spiral Slipstream - Fast propeller with a slow moving plane. The air accelerated by a propeller follows a corkscrew pattern. When it reaches the tail it pushes on the left side causing the plane to yaw to the left.
Gyroscopic Precession- Mostly applies to tailwheel airplanes when the lift their tails up on takeoff. The tail lifts up, that causes the propeller to act as a gyroscope turning the plane to the left.
Torque - The clockwise rotating prop forces the left side of the plane down in an equal and opposite reaction. This causes the left side of the tire to have more friction and causes the plane to want to yaw to the left.
What is stability of an airplane?
“ The characteristic of an aircraft that causes it to return to its original flight condition after it has been disturbed”
What are the different types of stability?
Static - aircraft’s initial tendencies when disturbed
Positive - returns back to original attitude
Neutral - stays on disturbed attitude
Negative - proceeds further away from original attitude
Dynamic - long term tendencies when disturbed. Think oscillations. Must be positive static.
Positive - Gradual dampening of the correcting oscillations until the aircraft returns to original state.
Neutral - The oscillations continue without increasing or decreasing.
Negative - The oscillations progressively worsen.
What is the axis that runs through the nose of the plane to the tail? What is the stability called?
Longitudinal Axis
Lateral Stability
Also called Roll
Controlled by the ailerons
What is the axis called that runs through the left and right of the wings? What is the stability called?
Lateral Axis
Longitudinal Stability
(Pitch)
Elevator controls
